TITLE: Studies on the Localization of Meridian and Acupuncture Points Using the Bi-Digital

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: KITADE
NAME: TOSHIKATSU
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Meiji University of Oriental Medicine, Hiyosi-cho, Funai-gun
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
B-17.
Studies on the Localization of Meridian and Acupuncture Points Using the Bi-Digital O-Ring Test (Part II): A Study on the large Intestine Meridian (2)
Toshikatsu KITADE* and Katsuji KUROKAWA** (ÝÁõó ì¦ã­ ýÙô¹ ã­ö½**)
Introduction: The Large Intestine Meridian was drawn on the subjects body surface by the imaging method of the Bi-digital O-Ring Test (BDORT) and compared with that shown in the classical literature.
Methods: (1) Subject: A 53-year-old male. (2) BDORT(Y.Omura, B.Sc.,M.D., Sc.D., inventor): The subject held a colon preparation(specimen of the circular muscle of the colon) in his palm. While the body surface of the upper limbs was slightly pressed using an insulation stick, the examiner pulled the test fingers of the subject to the right and left. Sites associated with the colon (the test fingers open) and those not associated with the colon (the test fingers do not open) were determined, and their borders were drawn on the body surface using writing materials, and the length was measured.
Results: The results obtained in the right upper limb were compared with the classical meridian figure (Large Intestine Meridian). 1. The line from Zhouliao¡¡¡¡(LI-12) to Shouwuliâ¢çé×ì(LI-13) could not be drawn, but that from QuchiÍØò®(LI-11) to Shouwuli â¢çé×ì(LI-13) could be drawn. 2. The line from Jugu ËÝÍé(LI-16) to Tianding ô¸ (LI-17) via the upper shoulder area could be drawn. 3. The line from Heliao ü¢¡¡(LI-19) to Yingxiang çÊúÅ(LI-20) could be drawn, but the crossing of the right and left meridians in the upper lip could not be clarified.
Discussion and Conclusion: The results of BDORT were similar to the external route (skin) of the Large Intestine Meridian. However, the internal route (the connection route of qui Ѩ from the skin to each organ) could not be drawn on the body surface. A normal specimen of the large intestine (colon) was used based on the results of our preliminary studies and description in the classic literature. The Large Intestine Meridian was clinically evaluated. Lines and circles (20 points) similar to the Large Intestine Meridian shown in the classic literature of Traditional Chinese Medicine could be drawn on the body surface.
Keywords: acupuncture meridian, large intestine meridian, Bi-Digital O-Ring Test, acupuncture point, acupuncture medicine, colon
[æÑð¹] Bi-Digital O-Ring Test ªËªèªë¡¡ØæªÈ¡¡úëªÎêÈöǪËμª¹ªë×üßÉîÜæÚϼ(Part II)
: â¢åÕÙ¥ÓÞíó¡¡(2)

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0159 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Functional characteristics of a newly developed sham moxibustion for the clinical research

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: KAWAKITA
NAME: KENJI
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Dept of Physiol, Meiji University of Oriental Medicine, Hiyosi-cho, Funai-gun
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
B-18.
Functional characteristics of a newly developed sham moxibustion for the clinical research
Kawakita K, Sakai S, Kawase S, Oshitani T and Nakazono Y

Introduction: To evaluate the specific effects of moxibustion sham procedure is required. In this study the functional features of a newly developed sham device was examined and compared them with those of real moxibustion.

Methods: Real or sham moxibustion were randomly applied to the healthy subjects with informed consent. The skin temperature (time constant of 0.1s), evoked pain magnitude (cross-modality matching) and skin blood flow (laser Doppler flow meter) were measured.

Results: The shape and flavor during moxa burning were similar and it was quite difficult to discriminate the sham from real moxibustion. The peak temperature of real one was 49.6¡¾2.3¡É(mean¡¾SD, n=10) and that of sham was 39.9¡¾1.6¡É. The real moxibustion produced sharp pain and increase of skin blood flow accompanied with clear flare response after repetitive application at intervals of 90 s. On the other hand, the sham induced warm sensation, and no pain and no increment of blood flow was detected.

Conclusion: The sham moxibustion device in the present may be useful tool for the clinical research of moxibustion.
Key Words: moxibustion, skin temperature, skin blood flow, pain sensation, sham device

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0162 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: EFFECTS OF ACUPUNCTURE ON BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: KITAKOJI
NAME: HIROSHI
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Meiji University of Oriental Medicine, Hiyosi-cho, Funai-gun
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
B-19.
TITLE: EFFECTS OF ACUPUNCTURE ON BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA
AUTHOR(S): Hiroshi KITAKOJI, Eiji SUMIYA, Hisashi HONJO, Tomoji HOSHI, Kiyoe TETSUKA Yasufumi YADA, Tadashi YANO, Hiroki WATANABE and Masahito SAITOH
ABSTRACT:
Purpose: Usefulness of acupuncture for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in Stage I was investigated.

Subjects: Twenty-four patients (mean age of 71¡¾7) with Stage I BPH were eligible for the study.

Methods: A disposable stainless acupuncture needle (0.3 mm in diameter, 60mm in length, Seirin)was inserted into bilateral BL-33 (Zhongliao) points and was rotated at 1 Hz for 10 min manually. The treatment was carried out at least once a week for 4-10 weeks. Average urine flow rate (AFR) and maximum urine flow rate (MFR) were measured by uroflowmetry (UFM) before acupuncture, immediately after the final acupuncture and 1-3 months after the cessation of the treatment. International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and nocturnal urination frequency were also evaluated.

Results: AFR increased from 4.3¡¾2.4 ml/sec (before treatment) to 6.4¡¾3.7 ml/sec (immediately after the final acupuncture) and returned to 3.9¡¾2ml/sec (1-3 months after the treatment). The MFRs were 10.7¡¾5.7, 14¡¾6.2 and 10.3¡¾4 ml/sec, respectively. The increase of AFR and MFR was statistically significant (p<0.05). IPSS was shown as 16.9¡¾5.8, 10¡¾5.5 and 11.2¡¾5.5 and 11.2¡¾5.1, respectively. The initial decrease of IPSS was significant (p<0.001) and it continued for several months (P<0.01). Nocturnal urination frequency was 3.2¡¾1.4, 1.7¡¾1.1 and 2.3¡¾1.1, respectively. The decrease of the frequency was also statistically significant (p<0.001 and p<0.01).

Conclusions: Acupuncture was effective for Stage I BPH patients.

keywords: Acupuncture, benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH), International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS), uroflowmetry (UFM),

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0164 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Clinical Effects of Intradermal Needles based on the concept of Muscle Meridians for Motor Organ Symptoms
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: SHINOHARA
NAME: Shoji
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRES: Crecend MATSUDA 405,Miyanomae-cho Uzumasa Ukyou-ku
E-MAIL : s_shinohara@muom.meiji-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
B-20.
TITLE: Clinical Effects of Intradermal Needles based on the Concept of Muscle Meridians for Motor Organ Symptoms
AUTHOR(S): Shoji SHINOHARA*, Toshikatsu KITADE* and Syouhachi TANZAWA**
(¡¡ê«á¹ì£, ÝÁõóì¦ã­, Ó¡÷Êíñø¢: Ù¥ö½öÝ϶ÓÞùÊ, Ù¥ö½öÝ϶ÓÞùÊ ÓÞùÊêÂ)
ABSTRACT:
Purpose: Ling Shu(çÏõÒ)/Jing jin Muscle Regions Along Meridians(¡¡ÐÉø¹)(No.13) states that "muscle meridian" symptoms are stitches, twitches, spasms, pain, and paralysis of the body. Therefore, we performed acupuncture(intradermal needle) based on muscle meridians in patients with motor organ symptoms who visited the acupuncture center affiliated with our university, and evaluated the usefulness of muscle meridians.
Methods: The subjects were 45 patients (mean age, 56¡¾16 years) with motor organ complaints in the four limbs or trunk who visited the acupuncture center affiliated with our university and gave oral consent to this study after oral explanation of its purpose. The patients were divided into 3 groups by the envelope method: (1) treatment group(16 patients: An intradermal needle was inserted into Ying Xue: áäúë or Shu Xue: êäúë on the periphery of the muscle meridian passing the site of pain), (2) sham group (15 patients: The therapist applied an adhesive plaster), and (3) placebo group (14 patients: An intradermal needle was inserted into the points on another adjacent normal muscle meridian.) Effects were evaluated using a visual analogue scale (VAS) by the therapist. Statistical analysis was performed using a Statview 4.5 (Abacus Concepts), and differences among the 3 groups were analyzed by Tukey's method as a multiple comparison test.
Results: The degree of pain decreased after treatment to 42¡¾29% of the pre-treatment degree in the treatment group, 74¡¾33% in the sham group, and 83¡¾41% in the placebo group. Turkey's method showed a significant decrease in pain in the treatment group compared with the placebo or sham group(P<0.05).
Conclusion: Acupuncture on muscle meridians produced adequate effects only by slight stimulation of the periphery of the four limbs without using a local area, showing its therapeutic usefulness.
Keywords: Intradermal needles, muscle meridian, motor organ symptoms, sham, placebo
*Dept. of Basic Oriental Medicine, Meiji University of Oriental Medicine, **Meiji Graduate School of Acupuncture and Moxibustion
[æÑð¹] ê¡ÔÑÐïͧñø¡¡ªË¡¡ÐɪÎËÈÒ·ªò¡¡éĪ·ª¿ù«Ò®í©öݪÎ×üßÉüùÍýªËμª¹ªëËþ÷Ð

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0170 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Comarison of the effects of SSP therapy using MIX wave with those of SSP therapy using 1/f
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: KAWACHI
NAME: AKIRA
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Department of Anesthesiology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigakumachi, Takatsuki - City
E-MAIL :
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
B-21.
Comparison of the effects of SSP therapy using MIX wave with those of SSP therapy using 1/f rhythm on shoulder stiffness
Akira KAWACHI(ùÁÒ®Ù¥), Hiroshi KUGE, Kiyoko HIRAI, Ikuo Matsuo, Johjun SAWADA, Cai Yuan WANG, Toshikatsu KITADE, Kouhei INAMORI
Introduction: In the present paper, we compared the effects that were obtained immediately after different electrical stimulation (different frequency) with SSP therapy using MIX wave of constant frequency and with SSP therapy (Silver Spike Point Electro Therapy)using 1/f rhythm, in patients with chronic shoulder stiffness.
Method: The study included 25 patients with chronic shoulder stiffness (5 men, 20 women, average age: 57.3¡¾16.1) who visited our department of anesthesiolgy. In these patients, SSP therapy using 3-15 Hz MIX wave electrical stimulation(SSP-Group) and SSP therapy using 1/f rhythm electrical stimulation(1/f - SSP -Group) were performed with a crossover method. As prescribing points, Jianjing (GB 21: Kensei), Tianzong(SI 11: Tenso) and others were selected. After conical metal electrodes were applied to these points, each point was electrically stimulated for 20 minutes using a TRIMIX303H apparatus (Nihon Medics). The patients themselves assessed efficacy, which was divided into four graded categories (e.g. complete response, partial response, minor response, and no change). The number of cases with complete response and partial response were combined together to make the number of cases with improvement. Comfortableness that was found during the course of treatment was recorded with the VAS method (e.g. most uncomfort-able: 0 point, and most comfortable: 10 point).
Result: Improvement was achieved in 9 patients (36%) in the SSP group and in 20(80%) in the 1/f -SSP-Group, and a significant difference was observed between both the groups (x2test, p<0.05). The score of comfortableness in the SSP group was found to be 6.4¡¾2.11(Mean¡¾S.D.) and in the 1/f - SSP group 8.3¡¾1.18, and therefore the score of comfortableness in the 1/f-SSP group during the course of treatments was found to be significantly higher (Mann-Whitney's U-test). Furthermore, a positive correlation was found between therapeutic effects and comfortableness in the 1/f-SSP group(correlation coefficient r:0.618, p<0.005).
Conclusion: It was clearly shown that those patients who were found to have obtained higher comfortableness with electrical stimulation in the SSP therapy (1/f rhythm-SSP group) showed favorable therapeutic effects, namely, improvement is shoulder stiffness.

Keywords: Shoulder stiffness, SSP therapy, 1/f rhythm, Comfortableness score.
[æÑð¹] Ì·ª³ªêñøªËÓߪ¹ªëMIX÷îSSPÖûÛöªÈ1/fªê«º«àSSPÖûÛöªÈªÎüùÍýÝïÎò

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0173 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: The effect of acupuncture stimilation on renal blood flow estimated by Doppler color flow mapping technique
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: BESSHO
NAME: HIROTO
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Kansai College of Oriental Medicine, 2-11-1 Wakaba, Kumatori, Sennan-gun
E-MAIL: h-bessho@kansai.ac.jp
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
B-22.
The effect of acupuncture stimilation on renal blood flow estimated by Doppler color flow mapping technique.

Hiroto BESSHO, Hironori SOGA, Chidue KAWAKAMI, Rieko ANAGUCHI, Keiko ARIMOTO Kansai College of Oriental Medicine, Osaka, Japan

Objective
To evaluate the effect of acupuncture stimulation at KID-3(Taixi) on renal blood flow of healthy subjects.

Methods
The subjects were eight healthy male volunteers (average: 27.8years old; 22-38). To measure the renal blood flow, ultrasonic diagnostic equipment (Hitachi Ultrasound Scanner: EUB-565) was used. Doppler siftgrams of the interlobar artery (ILA) in the right kidney were recorded before and five minutes after acupuncture simulation at bilateral KID-3(Taixi). Then, the maximum velocity (Vmax), mean blood flow (Vmean), pulsatility index(PI) and resistance index (RI) of the renal interlobar artery were calculated.

Results
Vmean of ILA increased significantly (p=0.00499) and Vmax of ILA increased after acupuncture stimulation. PI and RI showed significant (PI;0.0049, RI;0.00423) reductions after acupuncture stimulation.

Conclusion
These results suggest that acupuncture stimulation at KID-3 (Taixi) led to significant increase of renal blood flow probably by decreasing the resistance of renal artery.

Key Words
acupuncture, KID-3(Taixi), renal blood flow

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0175 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: DOES CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN COME FROM KELOID OF ABDOMINAL OPERATION?
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Umeda
NAME: Takashi
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Kansai College of Oriental Medicine, 2-11-1 Wakaba kumatori
E-MAIL: umeda@kansai.ac.jp
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
B-23.
DOES CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN COME FROM KELOID OF ABDOMINAL OPERATION?: A CASE REPORT

Tasashi Umeda, Teresa Tsukano, Noboru Kibi, Satoru Kitamura, Ayahiko Nisigori, Masato Nakamura* Kansai College of Oriental Medicine *Kaizuka City Hospital, Osaka Japan

Introduction: Back pain can be resulted from various disorders. We report a case, in which the keroid after abdominal operation was thought to be a cause of low back pain.

Case Report: A 79-year-old female, suffering from chronic low back pain (LBP) was treated by acupuncture. The root treatment was akabane method for the total body balance and the branch treatment were used eletroacupuncture stimulation. The electroacupuncture has objective to raise the pain threshold of sciatic nerve, relief the pain and relax the muscle tension. The intradermal needle was insert in the tender points and magnet therapy for to extra meridian treatment was used belt vessel and governor vessel. After two months of treatment, the patient began to claim the stiffness of the abdominal wall. So additional acupunctural treatment for abdomen was performed.
For to treat the abdomen were used intradermal needle (2 or 3 needle at the electro-permeable points). By the acupuncture treatment, severity of both LBP and abdominal stiffness was reduced by about 50%, those symptoms continued for seven months. The patient was submitted a plastic surgery to remove the keloid of operation scar of cholecystectomy about twenty years ago because the scar was thought to be a cause of the abdominal stiffness. After the operation, not only the abdominal stiffness but also LBP disappeared almost completely.

Discussion: Considering from the fact that the pain and the stiffness was decreased considerably after removal of keloid, there may be the relation between the keloid of the operation scar and LBP. As the yang and yin balance is the fundamental base of acupuncture therapy, it should be important to treat the abdominal keloid and the low back simultaneously. In this case, if the acupunctural treatment for abdominal keroid had been more aggressively, the plastic surgery might not have been necessary.

Key words: Low back pain, Operation scar, keloid, yin yang balance

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0179 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: EVIDENCE FOR SERUM IMMUNOGLOBULIN KINETICS IN THE MOXIBUSTION STIMULATED MICE
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: FUKAZAWA
NAME: YOHJI
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Kansai College of Oriental Medicine, 2-11-1 Wakaba, kumatori-cho, Sennan gun, Osaka
E-MAIL:
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
B-24.
TITLE: EVIDENCE FOR SERUM IMMUNOGLOBULIN DINETICS IN THE MOXIBUSTION STIMULATED MICE
AUTHOR(S): Yohji Fukazawa, Yuichi Matsuoka, Takako Matsuo, Kazuo Tohya, Jun Igarashi, Michio Kimura(Kansai College of Oriental Medicine, Japan)
ABSTRACT:
INTRODUCTION: Moxibustion has been applied for the prevention of disease as well as the therapeutic treatment. There are increasing descriptions on the effects of moxibustion; however, it is little known about the precise mechanism of disease preventive effects of it. Recent immunological studies revealed the existence of immunomodulation by moxibustion(e.g., the growth inhibitory effect against implanted tumor cells and the suppression of delayed type hypersensitivity). This study was designed to provide further insight into an understanding of the immunomodulation mechanism of moxibustion, especially in the humoral immunity.

MATERIALS and METHODS: Male ICR mice (6 weeks old) were used. To examine the involvement of moxa-extract, two groups of moxa were prepared for this study. One was untreated pure moxa to monitor the effect of moxibustion, and the other was only moxa fiber, which was extracted the possible effective ingredients of pure moxa, to give the animals only heat stimulation. Each of the two acupoints, ST-36 and BL-23, was stimulated by pure moxa and moxa fiber with three cones per day (0.3 mg moxa/cone) for 20 days running. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was performed to detect the changes in the component of serum proteins. To examine modulation of the humoral immunity, serum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Moreover, the removed lymphoid tissues from the stimulated mice were immunohistochemically stained to observe the localization of the antibody producing cells.

RESULTS and DISCUSSION: SDS-PAGE revealed slight band pattern change of approximately 160kDa, corresponding to IgG. Quantitative analysis of the serum Ig by ELISA indicated that IgG level was gradually increased among all the groups, especially in the group with ST-36 stimulation by moxa. Although each sample indicated IgA kinetics, there was no remarkable difference among the groups. IgM serum level retained steady in all the groups throughout the experiment. In the immunohistochemical observation, numerous IgG producing cells were detected in the regional lymph nodes of the mice with ST-36 stimulation by moxa. These data suggest that continual moxibustion induced the differentiation and the activation of actibody secretion of IgG-producing cells in the nodes of the acupoint skin, thereby increasing IgG level in the serum. Despite the absence of any remarkable trend in IgA kinetics, the serum levels of IgA demonstrated some changes. It seems that moxibustion can contribute to these changes by influencing the mechanisms of IgA regulation.

KEY WORDS: moxibustion; immunoglobulin; antibody producing cell; mouse

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0181 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Bone marrow mast cell kinetics in the ovariectomized rat stimulated by moxibustion
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Matsuo
NAME: Takako
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Kansai College of Oriental Medicine, 2-11-1 Wakaba, kumatori-cho, Sennan gun, Osaka
E-MAIL:
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
B-25.
TITLE: Bone marrow mast cell kinetics in the ovariectomized rat stimulated by moxibustion
AUTHOR(S): Takako Matsuo, Yuichi Matsuoka, Yohji Fukazawa, Kazuo Tohya, Jun Igarashi, Michio Kimura(Kansai College of Oriental Medicine, Japan)
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Osteoporosis has been regarded as one of the age related problems after the absence of menopause. The resorption of bone calcium results a higher activity of osteoclasts caused by estrogen following menopause. Recent immunohistological studies have suggested that the higher osteoclast activity and resorption correlates with increases in bone marrow mast cell proliferation (MP). However, it is traditionally known that acupoint-BL23 moxibustion is useful therapeutic treatment for preventing menopausal dysfunction. This study examines MP following the BL23 moxibustion using ovariectomized rats(an animal model of post menopausal osteoclast).

Materials and Methods: Eighteen healthy female rats (SLC Inc.), 10 weeks old, were used. Nine animals were ovariectomized and the other 9 underwent a sham operation. Thirty days after the ovariectomy, the rats received moxibustion (half-rice grain size, 3 cones/day) on the skin corresponded to acupoint-BL23 for one-10 days running. Control sham operation rats had similar moxibustion at BL23. No-, one day-, and 10 days-moxibustion subgroups of both the ovariectomized and sham-treated rats were prepared for alcian blue-safranine (AS) staining. AS staining is superior for distinguishing connective tissue mast cell(CTMC) from mucosal mast cell (MMC). Before the AS staining, individual rats were deeply anesthetized with ether then fixed with 1% formaldehyde and 0.5% glutaraldehyde mixture in situ. Bone marrow smears from the femur and tibia were stained with AS as described. CTMC with red color- and MMC with blue clolr-staining were observed under an optical microscope. And individual cell numbers of CTMC and MMC were calculated.

Results and Discussion: Total cell number of CTMC and MMC from ovariectomized rat bone marrow revealed a slight increase compared to those of sham-treated rats, while the number of both types of mast cells from ovariectomized rats receiving BL23 moxibustion was somewhat decreased compared to those of control ovariectomized rats (No moxibustion). These data suggest that BL23 moxibustion may suppress mast cell proliferation within the bone marrow during menopause, and may suppress osteoclast activity. A further detailed study on an ovariectomized animal, receiving BL23 moxibustion may clarify these phenomena.

Key words: bone marrow mast cell, ovariectomy, moxibustion, animal model, post menopause

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0182 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Ultrastructural properties of the regional skin stimulated by acupuncture or moxibustion treatment
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: KIMURA
NAME: MICHIO
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: 1-5-26 Wakaba, kumatori-cho, Sennan gun, Osaka
E-MAIL: kimura@kansai.ac.jp
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
B-26.
TITLE: Ultrastructural properties of the regional skin stimulated by acupuncture or moxibustion treatment
AUTHOR(S): Michio Kimura, Kazuo Tohya, Jun Igarashi, Takako Matsuo, Yuichi Matsuoka, Yohji Fukazawa, Kyoichi Kuroiwa (Kansai College of Oriental Medicine, Japan)
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Traditionally, it has been accepted that acupuncture or moxibustion treatment results in the induction of "Qi-energy" and manifests various biological responses. Recent neurophysiological studies have clarified that an individual acupoint contains a polymodal receptor that responds to mechanical, chemical and thermal stimuli, respectively.
Nevertheless, there are few papers dealing with a morphological aspects of skin overlying the acupoint. This study analyzed the morphology of the regional skin after acupuncture needling, moxa-needling and moxibustion, and physiological significance of these findings are discussed.

Materials and Methods: Three groups of materials were employed in this study.
One: Microscopic materials cling to the surface of used acupuncture-needles. Theses materials were collected in our clinic, together with the used needles, promptly fixed with cold 2% glutaraldehyde fixative, removed with sharp razors and then prepared for electron microscopy.
Two: Specimens of hairless rat skin overlying acupoint-S36 which treated by acupuncture needle manipulation or moxa-needle. The individual rats were fixed with 2% glutaraldehyde fixative and skin was prepared as described above for electron microscopy.
Three: Specimens of hairless rat skin overlying acupoint-S36 treated by moxibustion for 20 consecutive days. The skin and lymph nodes were taken, cut into frozen sections and immunohistochemically stained by a rat-CD4, -CD8 and ICAM-1 monoclonal antibodies. The stained-sections were examined under a fluorescence microscope.

Results and Discussion: The microscopic material consisted of collagen fibers, fibroblasts and mesenchymal cell-debris. In experiment two specimens, the skin revealed a scant tissue damage including blood cell infiltration. In experiment three the skin specimens manifested a large number of CD4 positive lymphocyte migration around newly formed-ICAM-1 positive high endothelial venules. The immunohistological aspects of these skin specimens, experiment three, indicate an elevation of immunological activity, compared to those of specimens in experiments one and two.

Conclusion: The biological responses to acupuncture-, moxa-needling-and moxibustion stimulated skin were examined by immunohistology and electron microscopy. The moxibustion stimulated skin revealed signs of elevated immunological activity.

Key words: acupuncture, moxa-needle, moxibustion, immunological activity, ultrastructure

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0186 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Change in local blood flow dynamics in the fundus induced by acupuncture stimulation
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Yoshiki
NAME: Ohyama
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Ho 1-21-7 Yoshikawa Saitama
E-MAIL:
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
B-27.
TITLE: Change in local blood flow dynamics in the fundus induced by acupuncture stimulation
AUTHOR(S): Y. Ohyama, H.Hatamoto, X.Wang, H.Nakazawa, N.Taira, A.Murakami and K.Mori
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Acupuncture stimulation has been known to have the effect of improving blood circulation, and based on such usefulness, acupuncture therapy has also been applied in ophthalmology for the improvement of blood flow around the eyes. However, the change in retinochoroidal microcirculation dynamics induced by acupuncture stimulation has still remained a hypothesis because of the absence of any non-invasive method to determine local circulatory dynamics in the fundus.
In the present study, we used a laser Doppler fundus flowmeter to select the acupuncture points of the upper extremities commonly used for treatment of ophthalmologic diseases and to determine the effects on the retinochoroidal microcirculation system.

Subjects and Methods: A total of nine eyes from nine healthy male and female adults (21-25 years old) were studied. Heidelberg Retina Flowmetry (HRF, Heidelberg Engineering Inc.) was used to determine local blood flow dynamics in the fundus by focusing on the retinal surface blood vessel in the range of 10¡¿2.5 adjacent to the optic disc.
Blood flowmetry was always performed at the same site avoiding the major vessels around the papilla by using the retinochoroidal microvessel as the landmark. Three acupuncture stimulation points of the upper extremities were selected and compared with each other: Hegu (LI4) and Quchi (LI11) points as well as the Shousanli(LI10) point which is not related to ophthalmologic disease. The measurements was performed on the right eye before, during (5, 10 and 15 minutes) and after acupuncture stimulation. The needle used was a 40-mm No. 18 needle (Seirin Co., Ltd.).

Results and Discussion: With the stimulation at the Hegu(LI4) point, the retinochoroidal microcirculation showed increase over time as compared to 280.52¡¾10.72 before stimulation (10 minutes, P<0.05; 15 minutes, P<0.05), while the measure decreased to near the baseline just after removal of the needle (287.07¡¾12.42). There was no significant increase in blood flow observed with stimulation at the Quchi(LI11) and Shousanli(LI10) points. These results indicate that the effect of stimulation on the retinochoroidal mocrocirculation system was different among acupuncture points commonly used for treatment of ophthalmologic diseases in clinical acupuncture.

Key Words: Acupuncture stimulation, Laser Doppler fundus flowmeter, Hegu (LI4) point
Shousanli(LI10) point, Quchi(LI11) point

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0191 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Effects of bilateral auricular acupuncture stimulation on body weight in healthy volunteers and mildly obese patients
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Shiraishi
NAME: Takemasa
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Dept.of Neurophysiol.Tokai Univ.Sch.of Med. 143, Shimokasuya
E-MAIL: wuchangps@hotmail.com
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
B-28.
TITLE: Effects of bilateral auricular acupuncture stimulation on body weight in healthy volunteers and mildly obese patients.
AUTHOR(S): T. SHIRAISHI1,2), M. ONOE1), T. KOJIMA2,3), T. KAGEYAMA2,3), S. SAWATSUGAWA2,3), K. SAKURAI2,3), H. YOSHIMATSU4) and T. SAKATA4)
1)Dept of Neurophysiol., Tokai Univ. Sch. of Med. Isehara 259-1193 2)The Research Inst. of Orient. Med. (RIOM), Shibuya. Tokyo 150-0031 3)Nippon Coll.of Aupunc., Moxib. / Physiotherap., Shibuya, Tokyo 150-0031 4)Dept. of Internal Med 1, Ohita Med. Univ. Ohita 879-5593, Jpn.
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Auricular acupuncture treatment occasionally produces dramatic body-weight reduction in obese patients. Although its physiologic and anorexigenic mechanisms have yet to be completely explained. To clarify, we investigated the effects of auricular acupuncture stimulation on non-obese healthy volunteers and mildly obese patients. Methods: Subjects (n=55 and 5, respectively) averaged 34.5 years old, and BMI was 24.3 and <26.5 kg/m2, respectively. We also studied the effects of single-blind sham-treatment in approximately total five hundred age-, sex-, and BMI-matched subjects. Small (0.15 ¡¿2.0 mm) auricular needles were placed intracutaneously into the bilateral cavum conchae, identified by having a less than 100 k¥Ø/§² resistance. Results: In the auricular acupuncture-treatment period, 35 healthy subjects out of 55 (63.6%) showed a decrease, 11 (20%) an increase, and 9 (16.4%) no change in body weight. The obese patients showed individual variation, but all achieved weight reduction, with a highly significantly correlation between body weight and fat volume. CT/MRI cross-sectional pictures supported these findings. Sham-treatment had no statistically significant effect on body weight. The results suggest that bilateral auricular acupuncture stimulation can help reduce body weight both in mildly obese patients and in healthy non-obese subjects. Conclusion: This is in accord with the idea that it may be useful in the treatment of the obesity. We propose a possible mechanism for the weight-reduction effects of bilateral auricular acupuncture stimulation.

Key Words: auricular acupuncture stimulation cavum conchae non-obese healthy volunteers, mildly obese patients, BMI(kg/§³)

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0193 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Effects of press tack needles(enpi-shin) on muscle fatigue
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Fu ru ta
NAME: Takayaki
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: 7-53, Nishiotabi-tyo, suita-shi, Osaka
E-MAIL:
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
B-29.
Effects of press tack needles (enpi-shin) on muscle fatigue Takayuki Furuta*, Junzo Tsujita**
*Meiji School of Oriental Medicine
**Department of Physiology, Hyogo Callege of Medicine

Objective: Acupuncture is conducted as one of therapies for caused by exercise. Acupuncture stimulation for exercise fatigue must be mild, slight acupuncture such as press tack needles disks placed on the skin is often used. The object of our study is to assess the effect of tpress tack needles therapy on muscle fatigue. We used muscle fatigue models through knee joint extension exercises to provide acupuncture stimulation, and conducted a comparative study using muscle power and integral electromyograms as indices.
Methods: Nine healthy subjects (age23¡­34) are participated in this study. The subjects sat on chairs with bending their hip joints and knee joints at 90¡Æangles. As the exercise tolerance test, they extended the knee joints in the range of 90¡Æto 40¡Æ. The tension became 20kg when the subjects extend the knee at 40¡ÆAngle. One set of exercises consisted of 30 extension exercises and the subjects conducted 2 sets. We measured muscle power and electromyograms before and immediately after the exercise test, and 10 min., 12min, and 15min, after the exercise test. Electromyograms were led from the medial vastus, and the muscle groove of the rectus femoris muscle and the lateral vastus, and obtained values were integrated to study the integrated values. The control group only rested after the exercise without receiving acupuncture therapy. Press tack needles stimulation only stimulation by holding a needle and pricking on the stimulation point to insert the needle is performed. It was performed after the exercise test. We selected 3 points for acupuncture stimulation, the medial vastus, which is 10cm upward from the superior angule of the patella, the rectus femoris muscle, which is in between the patella and the anterior superior illiac spine, and the lateral vastus.
Results and Discussion: Regarding changes in the electromyograms and muscle power after exercise, no significant difference was observed between the control group and the acupuncture therapy groups. However, the tendency of better recovery from muscle fatigue was found in the press tack needles group. According to these results, we concluded that acupuncture stimulation affects the excitability of muscle.
Keyword: Muscle fatigue, Muscle power, electromyograms, press tack needles

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0195 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Fine Structural Analysis of the Curative Effects of Life Energy for Pancreatic Diabetic Injuries
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Watari
NAME: Nakazo
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: 2-72-2, Rokuden, Midori-ward
E-MAIL:
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
B-30.
TITLE: FINE STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF THE CURATIVE EFFECTS OF LIFE ENERGY FOR PANCREATIC DIABETIC INJURIES
AUTHOR(S): NAKAZO WATARI
ABSTRACT:
It is said that life energy (negative ion) is improving for the regulation of human body homeostasis. For example, it regulates the peripheral bloodstreem, body temperature and activates ¥á-brain waves. We have examined the effectiveness of life energy for pancreatic diabetic injuries caused by administration of streptozotocin(STZ).
Materials and Methods: Thirty six male rats were divided into 3 groups. The first group was used as a control without any treatment. The second group was the diabetes group which was injected 50 mg/kg BW of streptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneally on the first experimental day to induce diabetes mellitus. The third group was the curative group. The animals were injected with STZ like the second group. The third group of animals were bred in a special litter, which contained jewel-beam-fibers projecting life energy (negative ion). After 12 weeks, the animals were sacrificed under anesthesia, and then the pancreatic tissues were observed by electron microscopy.
Results: The rat pancreas in the second group were destroyed with STZ, and both exocrine and endocrine cells contained autophagic vacuoles and lipid droplets within the cytoplasm. On the other hand, the pancreatic tissues of the third group of animals almost recovered to the normal state from STZ-injuries.
Discussion and Conclusion: Jewel-beam-fibers contain needle-like fibrils extracted from special stone(Tourmaline). The fibrils project special life energy, which may elaborate negative ions. such life energy (negative ions) might activate body functions, including the immunological function. The life energy might penetrate the body through the acupoints on the skin and then repair pancreatic diabetic injuries caused by STZ-toxicity.
Key words: Rat, Jewel-beam-fiber, Streptozotocin (STZ), Pancreas, Acupoints

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0198 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Mast Cell Kinetics in the Rat Skin and Lymphoid Tissue Following Moxibustion
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Matsuoka
NAME: Yuichi
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Kansai College of Oriental Medicine, 2-11-1 Wakaba, Kumatori, Sennan-gun
E-MAIL:
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
B-31.
TITLE: Mast cell kinetics in the rat skin and lymphoid tissue following moxibustion
AUTHOR(S): Yuichi Matsuoka, Takako Matsuo, Kazuo Tohya, Michio Kimura (Kansai College of Oriental Medicine, Japan)
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: In Japan, moxibustion is known as a useful therapeutic method for patients who are recovering from allergosis (bronchial, athima, atopic dermatitis). Recently our immunohistological studies have shown that moxibustion induces a positive elevation of systemic immune functions in humans. This study investigated the migration of the mast cells, one of the major immunocytes, stimulated by regional acupoint(ST36) moxa-stimuli.

Materials and Methods: Nine healthy male Wistar rats, 6 weeks old, were used. Three rats were allocated to each of the following groups. (I) Rats received moxibustion (half-rice grain size, 5 cones/day) on the skin overlaying the left acupoint-ST36 for one day (one day moxibustion group). (II) Rats received moxibustion for three days (three day moxibustion group). (III) Control group (no moxibustion). The rats were deeply anesthetized with either at 72 hrs after the final moxibustion and fixed in 0.6% formaldehyde-0.5% acetic acid mixture. Cryostat sections were prepared of their skin and regional lymph nodes (inguinal lymph node). Each section was stained with 0.2% toluidine blue at 80¡É for 5 sec. Mast cells with metachromasia were examined under an optical microscope.

Results and Discussion: In the control rats (III), the dermal mast cells were mostly located in the papillary layer. In the moxibustion stimulated rats (I and II), the mast cells decreased in number in the one day group (I) but increased in number in the three day group (II). On the other hand, the number of mast cell markedly increased in regional lymph nodes in the one day group (I) but decreased slightly in the three day group (II). These data suggest that the moxibustion-stimulated dermal mast cells show primary degranulation in the dermis, then migrate into the marginal sinus of the regional lymph node via afferent lymphatics, and induce a characteristic regional immune response together with other immunocytes in the cortex. Thereafter, some of the mast cells move into the distal lymph nodes via the efferent lymphatics, and retain an ordinal homeostatis (suppression of allergy).

Key words: rat, moxibustion, mast cell, skin, immune response

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0201 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Effects of Thumbtack Needle Therapy on Myalgia and Muscle Fatigue in Long Distance Running
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Katayama
NAME: Kenji
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Meiji University of Oriental medicine, Hiyoshi-cho, Funai-gun
E-MAIL: k_katayama@muom.meiji-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
B-32.
TITLE: Effects of thumbtack needle therapy on myalgia and muscle fatigue in long distance running
AUTHOR(S): Kenji KATAYAMA, Motohiro INOUE, Takaharu IKEUCHI, Hideki OCHI, Tadashi YANO, Tatsuya HOJO and Yasukazu KATSUMI
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Recently, acupuncture therapy has been performed widely in the scenes of sports events, and the application of thumbtack needle therapy is also becoming popular. However, studies on the effects of these treatments have been scarce. In this study, thumbtack needle therapy was performed in long distance runners for prevention of mileage and muscle fatigue, and it's effects were evaluated by compariso with a control group.

Methods: Acupuncture therapy was applied using disposable thumbtack needles to 175 volunteers among the participants of road carried out in Kyoto in 1998 and 1999 for prevention of mileage and muscle fatigue. The subjects were divided into 3 groups: Group A consisting of 92 runners (intense stimulation using SEIRIN Jr.), Group B consisting of 39 runners (mild stimulation using PYONEX), and Grope C consisting of 44 runners (sham acupuncture with bandage alone). Needles were inserted at seven meridian points in the lower limb (14 sites bilaterally) including Zusanli(S-36), maintained during the race with bandages, and removed immediately after the race.

Results: The feeling of fatigue of the lower limbs during the race compared with usual setting was milder in 45% of Group A, 51% of Group B, and 39% of Group C, similar to usual in 42% of group A, 36% of Group B, and 50% of Group C, severer in 13% of Group A, 13% of Group B, and 11% of Group C. Pain of the lower limbs during the race compared with usual setting was milder in 49% of Group A, 49% of Group B, and 39% of Group C, similar to usual in 38% of Group A, 36% of Group B, and 50% of Group C, and severer 13% of Group A, 15% of Group B, and 11% of Group C. The results concerning the feeling of fatigue and pain of the lower limbs immediately after the race were similar. Discomfort due to thumbtack needle therapy was felt by 5% of Group A, 10% of Group B, and 7% of Group C.

Discussion and conclusion: The results in the thumbtack needle therapy groups(Groups A and B) were better in all respects compared with the sham treatment control group (Group C), suggesting that the therapy was effective for the prevention of myalgia and muscle fatigue. The effect of thumbtack needle therapy was not ascribed entirely to placebo effect. Also, the reported discomfort during the application were infrequent in all three groups, indicating the safety of the therapy.

Keywords: myalgia, muscle fatigue, thumb tack needle, runner

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0204 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Acupuncture Treatment for a Cerebral Hemorrhage Cae Started Immediately after Attack
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Kato
NAME: Hitoshi
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: TAISEI Acupuncture Clinic, 10-23 Senshu Nakajima-machi
E-MAIL: taisei_acu@mug.biglobe.ne.jp
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
B-33.
TITLE: Acupuncture Treatment for a Cerebral Hemorrhage Case Started Immediately after Attack
AUTHOR(S): Hitoshi Kato & Naoko Onodera
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: We have treated a cerebral hemorrhage case almost only by acupuncture. This paper describes significant effect of acupuncture treatment started 10 minutes after attack.

Methods: (i) Emergency treatment is very important to minimize hemorrhage. For this reason, acupuncture treatment according to the diagnosis for TCM was applied. We treated to reinforce Kidney-yin and to purge Liver-yang by using acu-points of KI-3 and LR-2 2-3 times a day. For, serious hyperactivity of Liver-yang caused by deficiency of Kidney-yin was observed.
(ii) After this, the condition became stabilized, then furthermore adding to "Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture treatment" and Scalp-acupuncture were applied 1-2 times a day for 3 weeks.

Results: The patient was diagnosed by specialists as serious hemiplegia at the right side, dyslalia and aphagia caused by cerebral hemorrhage at the left side of the thalamus. After our treatment, complete ADL(no palsy) had been achieved.

Discussion: At first, it is the most important thing to minimize the hemorrhage through stabilizing the blood pressure and pulse. And then, it is important to promote the absorption of extravasated blood. CT showed it was absorbed within 20 days. Effects of acupuncture were confirmed at once while needling. For example, sensitivity and ability of movement were recovered rapidly. This brings no contracture, which is also important.

Conclusion: Acupuncture treatment is known as a treatment for aftertrouble of cerebrovascuiar accidents. This case further infers that acupuncture must be very important as a main treatment for cerebrovascuiar accidents.

Key words: emergency acupuncture treatment cerebral hemorrhage

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0205 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Effect of Scalp Electro-Acupuncture to MPTP-Treated Animal Model of Parkinson's disease
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Akagawa
NAME: Jun-ichi Akagawa
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Kansai College of Oriental Medicine, 2-11-1 Wakaba, Kumatori,
E-MAIL:
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
B-34.
Effect of scalp electro-acupuncture to MPTP-treated animal model of Parkinson's disease
-clinical evaluations-

Jun-ichi Akagawa, Masahumi Nakamura, Ikuro Wskayama, Yoshiro Yase
Kansai College of Oriental Medicine, Osaka, Japan

Introduction: We evaluated the clinical effects of scalp electro-acupuncture using 1-methy1-4-pheny1-1236-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP)-treated C57 Black mice, an animal model for Parkinson's dieseas.

Materials and Methods: C57 Black mice were divided into three groups (control group, MPTP-treated group and acupuncture group). Mice of MPTP group and acupuncture group were administrated subcutaneously with 30mg/kg MPTP, twice a day for 5 days. Mice of control group were injected with same volume of saline. Thereafter, scalp electro-acupuncture therapy was conducted according to the following procedures. In short, Mice of acupuncture group were treated using #3 needle at bilateral points corresponding for the Chorea-tremor inhibition area of the scalp (5mm in front of interaural line, 1mm bilateral of sagital line). The needles were inserted towards ears and electricity turned on at 2.5Hz for 5 minutes, and the procedures repeated every other day for 2 weeks (7 times).
Clinical observations, pole test and traction test were performed to evaluate the symptoms at 14 days after the final injection of MPTP. For pole test, the mice were placed head upward near the top of rough-surfaced pole (8 mm in diameter and 55 cm in height), and the times until they turned completely downward (turn over time) and until they descended to the floor (landing time) were recorded. For traction test, the mice were hanged using a horizontal wire by its forepaws and scored as 3 for gripping the wire with both hind paws, 2 for gripping the wire with one hind paw, and 1 for not gripping the wire either hind paws.

Results and discussion: Pole test: The turn over time of three groups did not show any significant differences, however, the landing time of MPTP group was significantly longer than that of control group and the landing time of acupuncture group was shorter than that of MPTP group. Traction test: MPTP group showed significant lower score than control group, and acupuncture group showed significant high score than MPTP group.

Conclusion: These results indicate that clinically scalp electro-acupuncture would relieve the symptoms of MPTP-treated animal model of Parkinson's disease.

Key words: Scalp electro-acupuncture, MPTP, Parkinson's disease, Animal model

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0206 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Clinical and Neurophysiological Effect by Dirrerent Satate of Acupuncture Stimulation in Patients with Derebrovascjlar disease
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Nabeta
NAME: Rie
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Kansai College of Oriental Medicine, 2-11-1 Wakaba, Kumatori,
E-MAIL: nabeta@kansai.ac.jp
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
B-35.
TITLE: Clinical and neurophysiological effect by different state of acupuncture stimulation in patients with cerebrovascular disease
AUTHOR(S): Nabeta R, Tani M, Suzuki T, Wakayama I, Yase Y
ABSTRACT:
Purpose: To investigate the relationship between the degree of acupuncture stimulation and the neurophysiological mechanism of the acupuncture effect in patients with cerebrovascular disease (CVD), the H-reflex was analyzed before, during and after acupuncture in the different acupuncture stimulation.

Subjects: The subjects were four hemiplegic patients (one male and three females), with CVD, mean age of 52.3 years. All patients showed left hemiplegia with hypertonus of the triceps surae muscles and hyperreflexia of the achilles tendon reflex. The patients were separated into three groups based on the severity of hypertonus and hyperreflexia; slightly increased (one patient), moderately increased (two patients) and markedly increased group (one patient). The range of motion at the ankle joint was decreased due to hypertonus of the triceps surae muscle in all patients.

Method: The acupuncture point was left GB34, the specific point for controlling muscle tonus. There were two depths and durations of the retaining needle applications, mild acupuncture stimulation (10 mm and 4 minutes) or strong acupuncture stimulation(20mm and 8 minutes). The effect of mild acupuncture was evaluated by 3 item as follows and that of strong acupuncture was evaluated by H-reflex study. 1) Clinical findings; muscle tonus of triceps surae muscle, achilles tendon reflex and ROM at the ankle joint were also evaluated before and after acupuncture. 2) Motion EMG during motion before and after acupuncture was recorded from the tibialis anterior and soleus on the left side while performing dorsi-flexion for 4 seconds. The integrated EMG value from the tibialis anterior and soleus was analyzed before and after acupuncture. 3) H-reflex from the soleus before, during and after acupuncture was recorded after stimulation of tibial nerve at the pepliteal fossa. The intensity of constant current stimulation was 1.2 times to evoke M-wave with a frequency of 0.3 Hz, duration of 1ms and persistence of 32 times, respectively. H-reflex was analyzed for persistence, amplitude, amplitude ratio of H/M and latency under these conditions.

Results: 1) Clinical findings after mild or strong acupuncture were improved in all patients. 2) The integrated EMG values both the tibialis anterior and soleus were increased after mild or strong acupuncture compared with that before acupuncture in all patients. 3) The amplitude and amplitude ratio of H/M during mild acupuncture stimulation were significantly lower than those before acupuncture in all patients. The amplitude and amplitude ratio of H/M after mild acupuncture stimulation were significantly lower than those before acupuncture in patients with moderately increased hypertonus and hyperreflexia. However, in patients with slight and marked increases, the amplitude and amplitude ratio of H/M after mild acupuncture stimulation were the same as before acupuncture. The amplitude and amplitude ratio of H/M during and after strong acupuncture stimulation were higher than those before acupuncture in patients with slightly or markedly increased hypertonus and hyperreflexia. There was significant difference in latency after acupuncture.

Conclusion: Clinical findings, integrated EMG and H-reflex were improved by mild acupuncture stimulation in patients with CVD. However, excitability of spinal neural function, H-reflex by strong acupuncture stimulation was not improved. It was suggested that neurophysiological function was affected by the degree of acupuncture stimulation in patients with CVD.

Key words: acupuncture, cerebrovascular disease, H-reflex

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0208 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Acupuncture Treatement of Atopic Dermatitis and it's Application to Autoimmune Disease
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Hiroe
NAME: linuma
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: 401 Rainbow Bldg. 591, 2-45-2 Matsubara, Setagaya-ku
E-MAIL:
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
B-36.
TITLE: ACUPUNCTURE TREATMENT OF ATOPIC DERMATITIS AND IT'S APPLICATION TO AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE
AUTHOR(S): Hiroe linuma
ABSTRACT:
Several cases of immunological disease are resistant to steroid therapy, and even if efficient, some ones relapse. Against such cases, several trials involving oriental medicine have been performed, expecting immune regulatory effects on host nutritional or neuro-immunological systems, of which mechanisms are, however, still nuclear. In this paper, I present the cases of atopic dermatitis, some of which were associated which autoimmune disease, treated with acupuncture.

Subject patients: 146 atopic dermatitis, in which 18 cases were accompanied with bronchial asthma, one with SLE, one with idiopathic ulcerative colitis. These patients had been treated in more than one university hospital, but resistant to the therapy.

Treatment methods: 1) puncture needle; a disposable needle, 30 mm in length and 140§­ in diameter, was used. 2) moxibustion: a lump of moxa, less than 3mm in diameter, was lighted and heat on inflamed part was kept at less than 38¡É and during 5 to 30sec.

Results: As to the cases of atopic dermatitis, progress was observed for several years after the completion of treatment. Good results were obtained in all cases without the use of steroid and any other medicine. As to one SLE, the serum level of anti-DNA antibodies was stabilized within standard value. Traditional theory of oriental medicine was not used in this study. This treatment also has the advantage of being adaptable to baby with mild stimulus and could be applied to another autoimmune disease.

Key words: Acupuncture treatment. Atopic Dermatitis, Resistant to steroids therapy.

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0211 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Contra-point Needling, Contra-lateral Needling and Yinyang Taiji Acupuncture
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Yoshikawa
NAME: Masako
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Toho Acupuncture Clinic, 14-2, Minami 21, Ohdori, Obihiro
E-MAIL:
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
B-37.
TITLE: Contra-point Needling, Contra-lateral Needling and Yinyang Taiji Acupuncture
AUTHOR(S): Masako Yoshikawa
ABSTRACT:
Purpose: We advocated in the Barcelona Symposium in 1998 the use of Yinyang Taiji Acupuncture which can balances the upper-lower, left-right and outer-inner Yinyang by needling into only one acupoint. In the present report, we investigated the differences in the use of the Contra-point Needling, Contra-lateral Needling and Yinyang Taiji Acupuncture.

Methods: Contra-point Needling was conducted by needling into the point in the contra-lateral meridian of the illness site. Contra-lateral Needling was carried out mainly by reticular needling into the contra-lateral collateral of the illness site. Yinyang Taiji Acupuncture was performed by determining and acupuncturing the upper-lower, left-right and outer-inner corresponding point of the illness site.

Results: A quick and significant alleviation of various symptoms had been achieved with any of the three treatments mentioned above ¡ª Contra-point Needling, Contra-lateral Needling and Yinyang Taiji Acupuncture.

Discussion: Usually, pernicious influences transit from the epidermis to the grandchild collateral, the collateral, the meridian and then to the Yin and Yang organs. Contra-point Needling, Contra-lateral Needling, and Yinyang Taiji Acupuncture can adjust the Yinyang balance of the meridian, the collateral and the Yin and Yang organs, respectively. We believe that quick effects can be obtained if the points for needling are selected according to the stage of symptoms.

Key words: Contra-point Needling, Contra-lateral Needling, Yinyang Taiji Acupuncture, collateral, meridian.

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0216 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Efficacy of Moxibustion at Sanyinjiao (SP6) in Pregant Women
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Tsujiuchi
NAME: Keiko
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: 1-1-201 Hanasakocho nakaku
E-MAIL: CZW06225@nifty.ne.jp
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
B-38.
TITLE: Efficacy of Moxibustion at Sanyinjiao (SP6) in Pregnant Women
AUTHOR(S): Keiko TSUJIUCHI, Yoshihiko KOIDO*, Shuichi KATAI**
*Kanagawa
**Department of Acupuncture, Tsukuba College of Technology
ABSTRACT:
Purpose: We gave a lecture on how to perform moxibustion to pregnant women who were attending a midwifery center. We instructed them to perform moxa treatment for themselves at Sanyinjiao, an effective point known to facilitate labor, and evaluated the efficacy of treatment.

Method: Pregnant women were divided into a group who performed moxa treatment at Sanyinjiao and a group who did not perform moxibustion, and the two groups were compared by statistical procedures in regard to duration of labor, amount of bleeding, and perineal laceration. In this study, indirect moxibustion was used after the 16th week of gestation, when the fetus has stabilized. However, exactly when after the 16th week treatment was begun and how long subjects continued it varied among individuals.

Results: 1) Among multiparae, the duration of labor was significantly shorter in women who performed moxibustion. 2) Among primiparae, a shorter duration of labor tended to be more frequent in women who performed moxibustion than in those who did not. Prolonged labor occurred in some women who did not perform moxibustion, whereas prolonged labor never occurred in the multiparous or primiparous women who performed moxibustion. 3) There was no particular difference in the amount of bleeding between multiparous women who performed moxibustion and those who did not, or between primiparous women who performed moxibustion and those who did not. 4) Perineal laceration was significantly less frequent in multiparous women who performed moxibustion than in those who did not. 5) Among primiparous women, there was no significant difference in frequency of perineal laceration according to whether or not moxibustion was performed. However, perineal laceration in older primiparous women tended to be less frequent after moxibustion. 6) There were no cases of serios side effects, such as miscarriage.

Discussion: The reduced duration of labor and lower frequency of perineal lacerations observed after moxibustion in the present study suggest that it exerted some effects on pelvic hemodynamics, as reported by Hayashida et al.

Conclusion: We believe that moxibustion is a treatment worth trying in pregnant women.

Key words: Sanyinjiao(SP6), moxibustion, duration of labor, amount of bleeding, perincal laceration

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0219 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Effect of Somatosensory Stimulation on Intestinal Motility in Conscious Rat Using Strain Gauge Force Transducer Method
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Iwa
NAME: Masahiro
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Meiji University of Oriental Medicine, Hiyoshi-cho, Funai-gun
E-MAIL: m-iwa@muom.meiji-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
B-39.
TITLE: Effect of Somatosensory Stimulation on Intestinal Motility in Conscious Rat Using Strain Gauge Force Transducer Method
AUTHOR(S): Masahiro IWA, Kenji IMAI, Keisou ISHIMARU, Masakazu SAKITA
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Continuous recordings were obtained from a conscious rat implanted with a strain gauge force transducer with a telemetry recording system for six months to investigate the effects of drugs and various electrical stimulations on jejunal motility.

Methods: Male Wistar rats weighing between 250 and 300g were used. Strain gauge(SG) force transducers were sutured onto the serosal surface of the jejunum (20cm distal to the ligament of Treitz). One week after SG implantation, jejunal motility were recorded. We investigated the effects of drugs act on autonomic nervous function, electrical stimulation and electrical acupuncture on jejunal motility.

Results: The following results were obtained. First, IMC (interdigestive myoelectric complex) was diminished following administration of neostigmine, and irregular contractions were recorded for about three hours. Second, jejunal motility disappeared following administration of atropine. Third, electrical stimulation to the abdomen caused the same reaction as neostigmine administration, and irregular contractions continued for five hours after abdominal stimulation. Fourth, the frequency of IMC increased between 1 and 3 hours after electrical acupuncture to the hind limbs.

Conclusion: Our findings showed that intestinal motility can be accelerated for several hours by electrical stimulation to the abdomen, or electrical acupuncture to the hind limbs.

Keywords: Intestinal motility, Strain gauge force transducer method, Rat, Acupuncture stimulation, Electrical stimulation

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0152 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Study on Mechanism of Clinical Effects of Chinese Micro-Acupuncture System
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Xiaoming
NAME: Wang
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: 1-21-7 Ho Yoxhikawa Saitama Japan
E-MAIL: xiaoming@china.gr.jp
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-36.
TITLE: Study on Mechanism of Clinical Effects of Chinese Micro-Acupuncture System
AUTHOR(S): X. WANG,K. MORI,D. LI,B. XHOU,X. CHEN
ABSTRACT:
Objectives: Although there are many published reports on clinical trials of micro-acupuncture, there is still few reports on the mechanism of its clinical effects. I recognize micro-acupuncture as one of Oriental approaches including acupuncture, Chinese herb medicine, Quigong, massotherapy (traditional Chinese massage therapy), Yoga, Zen therapy, and meditation, trying to reveal the mechanism of its clinical effects thorough interdisciplinary approach.
Subjects and Methods: The subjects were total of 180 persons including healthy adult volunteers, patients with alopecia, and those with hemiplegia after cerebral vascular disorders. Basic and clinical medical studies, and-theoretical study were conducted to determine the mechanism of clinical effects of micro-acupuncture.
Results and discussion: Zhu's method of scalp acupuncture in combination with physical therapy is useful even for treatment of hemiplegic patients with a long history. The degree of the patient's will to recovery, and the effect of the "space" constructed by the unity of the patient, his/her family, and the therapist considerably contribute to the degree of recovery and therapeutic effects.
Conclusion: The results allowed us to expicate through modeling of "Control Shen" theory not only the principle of clinical effects of Oriental approaches including nlcroacupuncture, Quigong, Yoga and Zen therapy, but also basic principle of recovery from illness and redigious healing.
Key Words: Chinese micro-acupuncture, Control Shen

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0153 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: The analgesia effects of infrared beam stimuli with and without linear polarizing filter
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME : TenJen
NAME: Liao
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Hiyoshi-cho, Funaigun, Kyoto, Meiji University of Oriental Medicine
E-MAIL: t_nakayama@nuom.meiji-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-37.
TITLE: The analgesia effects of infrared beam stimuli with and without linear polarizing filter
AUTHOR(S): Liao T.J., Urata S., and Nishikawa H., Departments of Physiology and Clinical Acupuncture Medicine
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: It is known that infrared rays can be used to treat some disorders in the physical therapy field. Infrared rays are focused by a special lens, and produce more powerful energy than soft laser for pain therapy. We studied the analgesia effect of an infrared beam with and without a linear polarizing filter to treat volunteers with lumbago in this study.
Methods: Experiments were performed on 15 volunteers with, lumbago(aged 18-48 years), and all gave informed consent. Subjects lay prone on a bed for treatment by an infrared beam stimulus with or without a linear polarizing filter that projected from the Alpha beam instrument (Minato Medical Co.). A double blind method was performed in this experiment where both patients and operators were blinded. Skin temperatures of the stimulus area, ECG and skin sympathetic responses (SSR) were recorded simultaneously. Stimuli were performed on Shenshu (B23) and Dachangshu (B25) acupoints for 2 min on each side respectively. The intensity of stimulus was set at perceptual threshold. Analgesia effect was measured with a visual analogue scale(VAS) before stimulus, immediately after stimulus, 30 min, 24 hrs and 48 hrs after stimulus. Two factor repeated measures analysis of variance was used to test the significance between the two kinds of stimulus.
Results: Both beams with and without a linear polarizing filter stimulus produced a significant decrease (p<0.01) in VAS value immediately and 30 min after stimuli. These effects were maintained over 24 hrs at least, and then returned to the level of control. There was not a significant co-correlation of VAS between the two groups. Heart rates and SSR appearance times decreased after stimulus, but there was not a significant change in skin temperature.
Discussion: Increasing the pain threshold suggests that infrared beam stimulus may promote the afferent activities of heat or polymodal receptors, and inhibit the sympathetic nervous system activity to reduce heart rate and SSR.
Conclusion: Both infrared beam stimuli with and without a linear polarizing filter caused decreases in VAS values. This finding suggests that both kinds of infrared beam stimulus decreased the pain intensity of lumbago, even though they are not co-correlated. There effects may be caused by the activities of the peripheral and central nervous systems.
Key words: infrared beam stimuli, linear polarizing filter, acupoint, lumbago

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0155 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Effects of Lumber Acupuncture Stimulation and Sciatic Nerve Electrical Stimulation on Blood Flow of the Sciatic Nerve Trunk.
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: INOUE
NAME: MOTOHIRO
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Meiji University of Oriental Medicine, Hiyosi-cho, Funai-gun
E-MAIL: mo_inoue@muom.meiji-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-38.
TITLE: Effects of Lumbar Acupuncture Stimulation and Sciatic Nerve Electrical Stimulation on Blood Flow of the Sciatic Nerve Trunk.
AUTHOR(S): Motohiro INOUE, Kenji KATAYAMA, Tadashi YANO, Tatsuya HOJO, Kaoru OKADA, Kenji KAWAKITA, Yasukazu KATSUMI
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: The beneficial effects of acupuncture at lateral to lumbar spinous process for intermittent claudication due to lumbar spinal canal stenosis have been reported. Therefor, We studied experimental effects of acupuncture stimulation at the lumbar area (ASL) and direct electrical stimulation to the sciatic nerve (ESS) on blood flow of the sciatic nerve in anesthetized rats.
Methods: Sixteen wistar strain rats were used in the present study (Thirteen for ASL, Three for ESS). The rats were anesthetized with urethane and artificially ventilated through a tracheal cannula. ASL was performed at the lateral area of 6th lumbar spine. ESS was performed at the sciatic nerve contralateral or ipsilateral to the blood flow measurement site. Sciatic nerve blood flow were evaluated by Laser-Doppler flowmetry.
Results: Changes in the nerve blood flow induced by ASL did not show idenical pettern. In the half of trials with ASL, the changes in the blood flow were accompanied with the changes in the arterial blood pressure, while those in the other trials were not always accompanied with the arterial blood pressure. Electrical stimulation was performed directry to the sciatic nerve at contralateral or ipsilateral to the blood flow measurement site. Electrical stimulation of the ipsilateral side increased nerve blood flow without increasing arterial pressure. Administration of atropine slightly diminished the response. Changes in the nerve blood flow by contralateral nerve stimlation were not accompanied with the changes in the arterial pressure changes.
Discussion and Conclusion: The sciatic nerve blood flow was influenced by acupuncture stimulation at lumbar area. The responses were not always accompanied with the changes in the arterial blood pressure. Electrical stimulation of the ipsilateral side increased nerve blood flow without increasing arterial pressure. Administration of atropine slightly diminished the response. These results suggested that increased responses of nerve blood flow by ASL and ESS were not only influenced by the arterial pressure but also regulated by the axion reflex and cholinergic vasodilatation.
Keywords: rat, nerve blood flow, acupuncture stimulation, electrical stimulation, laser doppler flowmetry

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0156 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Studies on the Localization of Meridian and Acupuncture Points Using
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: KITADE
NAME: TOSHIKATSU
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Meiji University of Oriental Medicine, Hiyosi-cho, Funai-gun
E-MAIL: t_kitade@muom.meiji-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-39.
TITLE: Studies on the Localization of Meridian and Acupuncture Points Using the Bi-Digital O-Ring Test (Part III) : A Study on the Lung Meridian(1)
AUTHOR(S): Katsuji KUROKAWA*, Toshikatsu KITADE**, Tadasi WATSUJI** and Shoji SHINOHARA**
(ýÙô¹ ã­ö½: ýÙô¹öÝ϶êÂ*, ÝÁõó ì¦ã­**, ûú¡¡ òÁ**, ¡¡ê«á¹ì£**: Ù¥ö½öÝ϶ÓÞùÊ)
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: We evaluated the Lung Meridian by the Bi-Digital O-Ring Test (BDORT) Imaging Method in a patient who underwent unilateral lung resection.
Methods: (1)Subject: A 35-year-old male who underwent resection of the left lung 2 months after birth. [History] One month after birth, he aspirated milk into the bronchi. After 1 month, a diagnosis of pulmonary abscess was made, and the left lung was resected at another hospital. The postoperative course was good. His vital capacity was about 3/5 of the normal value, but he could exercise as normal persons do. When he was a high school ¡­ college student, transient bronchial asthma developed. At the age of 25 years, breathing became difficult in moldy places. [Present illness] The left chest was depressed due to thoracoplasty. The skin surface of the upper limbs was normal and did not differ between the right and left. (2) BDORT(Y. Omura, B.SC., M.D., Sc.D. inventor): The subject held a microscopic slide of a lung specimen in hes palm. While the body surface of his upper limbs was lightly pressed using an insulation bar, his test fingers were pulled to the right and left by the examiner. Areas pressure application to which resulted in opening of the test fingers (associated with the lung) and areas pressure application to which did not result in opening of the fingers (not associated with the lung) were determined, and the former was marked on the body surface using a writing material. (3) Specimen: A microscopic slide of an autopsy specimen of the lung was used based on preliminary studies by Y. Omura and Kurokawa et al.
Results: (1) Results from the right upper limb to the chest body surface (normal side) : Lines and circles(open annular shape) similar to the lung meridian in the classical literature could be drawn from the superolateral side of the precordial region(LU1¤ý Zhongfu) to the radial nail root angle of the thumb (LU11¤ýShaoshang). (2) Results from the left upper limb to the chest body surface (operation side): On the left upper limb on the lung resection side, no lines and circles could not be drawn.
Conclusion: The route drawn on the normal lung side by the Bi-Digital O-Ring Test Imaging Method was highly consistent with the classical lung meridian. However, on the lung resection side, the route was not associated with the lung specimen. These findings suggest a close relationship between the route related to the lung specimen and the presence or absence of the lung tissue.
Keywords: acupuncture meridian, the lung meridian, Bi-Digital O-Ring Test, acupuncture point, acupuncture medicine, lung
[æÑð¹] Bi-Digital O-Ring TestªËªèªë¡¡ØæªÈ¡¡úëªÎêÈöǪËμª¹ªë×üßÉîÜæÚϼ(Part III)
: â¢÷¼ëäøË¡¡(1)

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0157 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: The Accommodating Function of the Eyes and Acupuncture Treatment
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: NAKAMURA
NAME: TATSUZO
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: 14-25,Takaginishi-machi
E-MAIL: t_nakamura@muom.meiji-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-40.
TITLE: The Accommodating Function of the Eyes and Acupuncture Treatment
AUTHOR(S): Tatsuzo NAKAMURA.
ABSTRACT:
The purpose of this experiment was to develop an insertion technique at the ganglion (Ggl.) ciliarc, closely linked to the eye function, and to investigate the relation between the accommodating function of the eyes and meridian points, and assess the effect of acupuncture on visual acuity.
Methods: The participating subjects were divided into the control group and experimental group. Accommodating time was measured using an Accommodo - polyrecorder (KOWA model HS-9E), before and after needle insertion at points. From these measurements, the effective points were selected. Needles were left inserted with sensation for ten minutes. At the Ggl.ciliare point, the needles were inserted into a depth of 3.5 to 4.0cm. Change in visual acuity were measured after ten acupuncture sessions.
Results: Change in accommodating time compared with the control group,: There was a great difference in the Ggl.ciliare group (3.5cm insertion), the inside supraorbital cavity group and Fengchi group. Visual acuity improved by 0.06 after acupuncture at both fengchi (ù¦ò®) and Taiyang (÷¼åÕ) points and by 0.11 after acupuncture at Ggl.ciliare point. At the Ggl.ciliare point, visual acuity improved by 0.4 in the group of subjects without spectacles and by 0.15 in those wearing spectacles group.
Discussion and Conclusion: Acupuncture into the orbital cavity had a higher effect on the accommodating function of the eyes than that at the other points. The Fengchi point has been reported to be effective against eye disease. The present findings supported this view. We observed only slight improvement of visual acuity through acupuncture in those with poor-sight. There was, however, a more significant improvement of visual acuity in those with early stage of poor sight, we can expect acupuncture for the sight to be effective.
In conclusion, acupuncture is effective for visual acuity improvement.

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0158 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Computerized Measurement:The Heart Mean and Coefficient Variation(Heart MCV)
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: SHINOHARA
NAME: KANAE
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Meiji University of Oriental Medicine, Hiyosi-cho, Funai-gun
E-MAIL: k_shinohara@muom.meiji-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-41.
TITLE: Computerized Measurement: The Heart Mean and Coefficient Variation (Heart MCV)
AUTHOR(S): Kanae SHINOHARA
ABSTRACT:
The Heart MCV, which measures the heart autonomic nerve function can be used for examination of individuals in a semi-healthy state or without known illness. The hardware of the Heart MCV consists of a handy 3.5-kg portable laptop personal computer. It has a fast printing time, and characteristic software. Simultaneously with the measurement of medical heart autonomic nerve function, a pulse form diagnosis can be made based on Oriental medical rhythm. A total of 10 pulse forms can be measured on the oriental medical evaluation figure: moderate pulse, fast pulse, rapid pulse, slow pulse, abrupt (frantic) pulse, intermittent (irregular interval) pulse, knotted pulse and 3 unknown pulses. The plateau pulse can also be obtained on the trend figure. The software can also express the patterns for zang-organ sickness and fu-organ sickness as well as those for heat evidence and cold evidence. Furthermore, the change in the patient's condition from the time of insertion of the needle, application of the lifting-thrusting (sparrow pecking)needle technique, rotating (twisting) needle technique, retaining needle technique etc, and subsequent recovery and normalization can be visualized. The age evaluation figure produced by the software is based on the reports appearing mainly in the Japanese Autonomic Nerve Academy Society Journal. The foreseeing evaluation figure (not diagnosis evaluation) follows the disease estimation based on the heart (pulse) rate appearing in the literature on internal medicine in Japan and the reports appearing in the Japanese Autonomic Nerve Academy Society Journal and other medical journals. The Heart MCV, which can plot every point every 8 seconds on two respiratory figures, and draw line arrows for 50 points, is useful to objectively understand the curative effect of clinical acupuncture and moxibustion immediately after treatment.

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0160 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: An experimental model of the acupuncture points in human subjects and rabbits
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: ITOH
NAME: KAZUBORI
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Dept of Physiol, Meiji University of Oriental Medicine, Hiyosi-cho, Funai-gun
E-MAIL: k_itoh@muom.meiji-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-42.
TITLE: An experimental model of the acupuncture points in human subjects and rabbits.
AUTHOR(S): Kazunori ITOH, Kaoru OKADA, Kenji KAWAKITA
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Clinical usefulness of trigger points (TRP) has been widely recognized and its close relation to acupuncture points (ACP) has also been noted. Typical referred pain patterns of the TRP also resemble to the meridian patterns. The purpose of the study was to establish an experimental model of the TRP as a kind of ACP.
Methods: Fifteen healthy volunteers(age 18-47 years) and six lightly anesthetized rabbits (2.0-2.7kg) were used. Repetitive eccentric contractions were loaded on the extensor digital muscle (human) and the gastrocnemius muscle (rabbit). Pressure pain thresholds(PPT) and deep pain thresholds(DPT) were measured in humans. The amplitude of the avoidance reflex to the stretching and the distribution of threshold for evoking the flexion reflex were measured in rabbits. Measurements were performed before, 1, 2, 3 and 7 days after the exercise. Needle electromyogram of the minimum threshold spot was recorded 2 days after the exercise.
Results: On the 2nd day after the eccentric exercises, the PPT at the restricted point on the exercise muscle where a taut band was palpated reduced to the bottom then recovered to the control level on the 7th day. Similar changes of thresholds of flexion reflex and appearance of palpable band were also detected in the exercised rabbits. Reduction of the DPT and threshold for the flexion reflex was observed only in the fascia of the restricted region, and needle EMG activities were also detected from there.
Discussion: The present experimental model is based on the delay onset of muscle soreness, and its usefulness for the investigation of the ACP as well as TRP was suggested. The sensitized nociceptors in the fascia might be a possible candidate of the points(TRP, ACP).
Conclusion: Repetitice eccentric contraction produces a useful experimental model for the investigation of the acupuncture point.
Key words. trigger point, acupuncture point, eccentric contraction

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0161 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: STUDY ON SIZE AND DIMENSIONS OF MOXA FOR MOXIVUSTION
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME YOSHIYUKI
NAME: OKAMOTO
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Meiji University of Oriental Medicine, Hiyosi-cho, Funai-gun
E-MAIL: y_okamoto@muom.meiji-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-43.
TITLE: STUDIES ON SIZE AND DIMENSIONS OF MOXA FOR MOXIBUSTION
AUTHOR(S): Yoshiyuki OKAMOTO, Mie TAMURA, Tatsuzou NAKAMURA
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: In Japan, rice-grain-size moxa is used for moxibustion. Although there is a description of size in the textbooks, the dimensions of the moxa used differ with the therapist. In the present study, the size and dimensions of moxa used at educational institutions for acupuncture and moxibustion, and the actual dimensions used by acupuncture and moxibustion therapists were surveyed.
Methods: Ten Acupuncture and Moxibustion Educational Institutions, and 20 acupuncture and moxibustion therapists were surveyed. Each institution and therapist was asked to create 10 pieces of rice-grain-size moxa. The materials were collected and measured for weight, height, bottom width and burning temperature.
Results: Materials were sent back from 8 educational institutions (36.4%) and 14 therapists (63.6%), totaling 22 samples (73.3%). The average weight of one piece of moxa was 1.41+0.69mg for the institutions and 2.64+1.75mg for the therapists, with an average of 2.15+1.49 for all samples. The average height was 5.80+1.09mm for the institutions and 6.99+1.68mm for the therapists, with an average of 6.51+1.64 for all samples. The bottom width was 2.32+0.52 for the institutions and 2.81+0.56 for the therapists, with an average of 2.61+0.60 for all samples. The samples from the therapists showed a higher burning temperature than those from the institutions but varied widely.
Discussion: The dimensions of the moxa used at the educational institutions showed little variation, owing to the efforts of the staff to attain a high educational level. On the other hand, the therapist occasionally used moxa twice the average size and weight, and there was a wide variation with the therapist.
Conclusions: The standard dimensions of the rice-grain-size moxa used at 8 educational institutions and by 14 therapists averaged 2.15 mg in weight, 6.51 mm in height and bottom width of 2.61mm. At the educational institutions, the dimensions varied little, and followed the textbook descriptions. However, the dimensions varied greatly with the therapist.
Key word: Moxibusion, Moxa, Rice-grain-size, Size and Dimension

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0163 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: The oretical Study on Oriental Medicine
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: SEINO
NAME: MITSUNORI
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Seino Acupuncture-Moxibustion Clinic, CLELO builing 3F, 1-45, Fuda, Chofu-shi
E-MAIL : seino-87@gw4.gateway.ne.jp
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-44.
TITLE: Theoretical Study on Oriental Medicine
AUTHOR(S): Seeking the origin of oriental medicine through the logic of divination Mitsunori SEINO (ôèå¯õöîð : ôèå¯öÝ϶ïÚÍéêÂ)
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Contemporary medical science and medical treatment in oriental medicine, especially in the disciplines of acupuncture, moxibustion and herbal decoction, does not appear to stem from the fundamentals of oriental thought (Chinese thought). Oriental medicine (the art of acupuncture and moxibustion) is referred to as chi medicine. The objective of this article is to examine the nature of chi medicine.
Main thesis: Anyone who attempts to examine the origin of the concept of chi is forced to adopt divination as the central logic. This is a concept wherein everything in the universe is understood as tai chi symbols and everything is expressed by the [--] discontinuous and [¡ª] continuous marks. It is an ideal study for understanding every living thing and a necessary study for understand human beings, who represent the collective (phenomenon) of chi.
The tai chi symbols used for divination are a representation of chi. By accepting this concept as the basis of oriental medicine and implementing it in clinical science, substantial development in the arts of acupuncture and moxibustion can be realized.
The author believes that the practitioners of oriental medicine in the modern world need to establish a position whereby they can provide treatment for illness and organize the study of oriental medicine and technical systems (therapeutic techniques).
Conclusion: Divination is an essential logic that enables an understanding of chi medicine. In order for oriental medicine(acupuncture and moxibustion) to be scientific, divination must play a key role.
Key words: divination, chi medicine, oriental thought, tai chi, oriental medicine, acupuncture medicine, herbal decoction, the art of acupuncture and moxibustion
[æÑð¹] ÔÔåÇ¡¡ùʪÎùÊ×âæÚϼ¡­ÔÔåÇ¡¡ùʪÎê«ïêò涪ÎÖå×âªËªâªÈªáªÆ¡­

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0165 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Immediate Effects of Intradermal Acupuncture on the Muscle
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: SHINOHARA
NAME: Shoji
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Crecend MATSUDA 405,Miyanomae-cho Uzumasa Ukyou-ku
E-MAIL: s_shinohara@muom.meiji-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-45.
TITLE: Immediate Effects of Intradermal Acupuncture on the Muscle Meridians for Complaints during Movements
AUTHOR(S): Shoji SHINOHARA*, Yasukazu KATSUMI** and Syouhachi TANZAWA***
(¡¡ê«á¹ì£*, ã­Ì¸÷Áûú**, Ó¡÷Êíñø¢***: *Ù¥ö½öÝ϶ÓÞùÊÔÔåÇ¡¡ùÊÐñõ¨Îçãø, **Ù¥ö½öÝ϶ÓÞùÊû¡èâè÷ùÊÎçãø, ***Ù¥ö½öÝ϶ÓÞùÊÓÞùÊêÂ)
ABSTRACT:
Purpose: We performed intradermal acupuncture at Ying Xue(áäúë) and Shu Xue(êäúë) on the muscle meridians (¡¡ÐÉ) in patients with complaints of pain during movement who visited our orthopedic outpatient clinic. Pain before and a after treatment was assessed using the VAS, and the effects of therapy were evaluated.
Methods: Of patients with complains of pain during movement in the four limbs and trunk who visited the clinic between January 20 and June 28, 2000, those from whom oral informed consent was obtained after explanation of the effects and risks of acupuncture therapy by the physician in charge were entered into this study. There were 101 patients(24 males and 77 females) aged 65¡¾12 years. One therapist inserted an intradermal needle into the site of tenderness (Ying Xue or Shu Xue) on the peripheral muscle meridians passing the site of pain and fixed the needle with an adhesive plaster. The effects of therapy were assessed before and after therapy by an examiner, who was not the therapist, using the VAS with 100-mm bars. The rate of the change in the VAS value after therapy was obtained and evaluated according to each complaint. To avoid unfavorable effects on the patients, they underwent examination again after therapy by the physician, and the absence of any abnormality was confirmed.
Results: No complaints of pain during movement were observed before therapy in 12 (11.9%) of the 101 patients, and assessment of effects using the VAS could not be performed in 16(15.8%). After excluding these 28 patients, the other 73 were analyzed. The degree of pain reduction was evaluated according to complaints based on the rate of a change in the VAS value. Knee pain decreased to 36.7%, elbow pain to 39.1%, shoulder pain to 52.1%, lower back pain to 52.2%, lower limb pain to 52.6%, upper limb pain to 67.8%. This therapy had only slight effects on complaints other than those during movement such as spontaneous pain and nocturnal pain. In all patients, the incidence of development of tenderness at Ying Xue and Shu Xue was examined by finger pressure. Tenderness was frequently observed at Ying Xue or Shu Xue in the periphery of the muscle meridians related to the site of pain.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that pain during movement can be reduced by intradermal acupuncture at peripheral meridian points related to the site of pain. Tenderness tended to be more frequently develop at the two sites compared with other sites.
Key words: intradermal needles, muscle meridians, motor organ symptoms, VAS *Dept. of Basic Oriental Medicine, Meiji University of Oriental Medicine. **Dept of Orthopedics, Meiji University of Oriental Medicine. ***Meiji Graduate School of Acupuncture and Moxibustion
[æÑð¹]ê¡ÔÑãÁáþáͪËÓߪ¹ªë¡¡ÐÉß¾ªÎù«Ò®í©öݪÎòÁý­üùÍýªËμª¹ªëËþ÷Ð

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0166 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Ancient chinese Acupuncture Technique "Shao Shan Fuo"
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: WANG
NAME: CAI YUAN
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Kansai College of Oriental Medicine, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun
E-MAIL:
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-46.
TITLE: Ancient Chinese Acupuncture Technique "Shao Shan Fuo"
AUTHOR(S): WANG Cai yuan* and noboru KIBI*
Akira KAWACHI** Hiroshi KUGE** Kiyoko HIRAI**
(èÝ î¯ê¹*ÑÎÝá Ôô*ùÁÒ® Ù¥**Îùù»ûÇÞÈ**øÁïÌôèí­**)
*Kansai College of Oriental Medicine
**Department of Anesthesiology Osaka Medical College
ABSTRACT:
Aim of Investigation: In ancient acupuncture, there is a body warming technique known as "Shao Shan Fuo" by elevating body temperature. we carried out this investigation to confirm the elevation of body temperature with this technique.
Method: Five out-door patients age of 26, 31, 56, 62 and 73 yeare, all with chief complaian of Lumbago were treated by this ancient technique.
Result: Measurement of peripheral and depth temperature of both local and region in distance showed a tendency to elevate.
Discussion: As the Chinese reported the remarkable temperature elevation along the meridian than point stimulated, it is believed that "Shao Shan Fuo" has a peculiar effect like Propagated Sensation along the Meridian(PSM).
Conclusion: We also got the same result as our Chinese counterpart had report earlier and it also proved that the ancient technique is helpful to treat the patients with deficiency symptoms.
Key words: acupuncture Technique, Shao Shan Fuo, warming, Chinese, Propagated Sensation along the Meridian.
[æÑð¹] ñéÏС¡÷Öâ¢Ðü ¡¸áÀߣûý¡¹ª¬ßæ¡¡ªÎè®ÓøܨûùªËªòª¨ªëæÚϼ

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0167 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Fluctuation of Skin Current Intensity at the Subject of Palmar hyperhidrosis in Enoscopic Thoracic Sympathectomy
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: KIBI
NAME: NOBORU
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Kansai College of Oriental Medicine, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun
E-MAIL:
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-47.
TITLE: Fluctuation of Skin Current Intensity at the Subject of Palmar hyperhidrosis in Endoscopic Thoracic Sympathectomy (First Report) -1 case of continuous-measurement
AUTHOR(S): Kansai College of Oriental Medicine: Noboru Kibi, Wang Cai Yuan, Takashi Umeda, Satoru Kitamura Kobe Toyo Medical School: Kazuhiro Morikawa Department of Anesthesiology, Osaka Medical College: Kiyoko Hiral, Hiroshi Kuge, Akira Kawachi, Motoshige Tanaka
ABSTRACT:
Objective: For the purpose of verifying whether the current intensity of skin measured by NEUROMETER changes or not according to the functions of sympathetic nerves, we measured, using the newly developed measuring instrument, the fluctuation of skin current intensity, every 3 minutes and automatically & continuously, at the subject receiving the Endoscopic Thoracic Sympathectomy (ETS). The followings are our summary report on this measurement work.
Method: The subject is a 20-year old man whose chief complaint is palmar hyperidrosis, and while he received, at Anesthesiology Department of Osaka Medical College on May 12 1999, the sympathectomy at Th2 and Th3 thoracic parts through thorascope, we measured time-sequentially his fluctuation of skin current intensity on operation at his both facial parts (S-2 Sibai), palm (P-8 Laogong) and back(dorsum manus) parts (LI-5 Yangxi). Then, this measurement was also conducted on the day before operation as well as the 1st, 13th and 48the days after operation. Furthermore, with pre/postoperative thermographic measurement, the temperatures of surface and depth parts were measured, too.
Result: According to the measurement conducted on the day before operation, the current intensity got greater at all the 6 postions, but it decreased while operation under general anesthesia, and, after the sympathectomy of thoracic right side, the skin surface of right palm and the depths rose in temperature, and the current reduced extremely. Similarly, after the sympathectomy of thoracic left side, the left palm rose in temperature, and the current reduced. On the first day after operation, the current reduced at all 6 positions, especially the right and left palm parts showed almost 0 current. On the days that follow the first, though the current increased or decreased a little at the dorsum manus parts, it continued to reduce at the palm parts.
Observation: Taking into consideration of the fact that, after ETS, the current intensity of palm parts reduced, and that the skin surface and depths rose in temperature, and rose in temperature, it suggests, we think, the skin current intensity has any relation with functions of sympathetic nerves.
Conclusion: We measured automatically and continuously the fluctuation of skin current intensity on the occasion of ETS.
1)After sympathectomy, the temperature went up at the surface and depth of operation side palm, and the current intensity of operation side palm reduced extremely;
2)Subsequently, the current intensity increased or decreased a little at the dorsum manus parts, but it continued to reduced at the palm parts.
Key Words: Palmar hyperhidrosis, Skin Current Intensity, Continuous/Automatic
Measurement, Endoscopic Thoracic Sympathectomy, RYODORAKU

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0168 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Fluctuation of Skin Current Intensity at the Subject of Palmar hyperhidrosis in Endoscopic Thoracic Sympathectomy(the third report)
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: TANAKA
NAME: MOTOSHIGE
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Department of anesthesiology, Osaka Medical College
E-MAIL: mtanaka@ya2.so-net.ne.jp
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-48.
TITLE: Fluctuation of Skin Current Intensity at the Subject of Palmar hyperhidrosis in Endoscopic Thoracic Sympathectomy(the third report)- Changes in Electro-resistivity of the skin after endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy
AUTHOR(S): Department of Anesthesiology, Osaka Medical College Tanaka Motoshige, Kuge Hiroshi, Hirai Kiyoko, Morikawa Sumie, Kawachi Akira, Kobe Toyo Medical School Morikawa Kazuhiro Kansai College of Oriental Medicine Wang Caiyuan, Umeda Takashi, Kitamura Satoru, Kibi Noboru
ABSTRACT:
Aim of investigation: To investigate changes in electro-resistivity of the skin after endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy(ETS).
Method: Three patients (2 male, 1 female, mean age; 24.7) with palmar hyperhidrosis were examined. All of them underwent ETS under general anesthesia. We measured the electro-resistivity before and after ETS at the three sites; face (Szupai: S-2), dorsum of hand (Yanghsi: Li-5) and palm (Laokung: P-8). Futhermore, we continuously measured it at each sites before and after electrocautery of thoracic sympathetic chain during ETS.
Result: Two patients showed that electro-resistivity of the skin decreased at three sites after ETS compared with preoperative one. Two patients showed that Electro-resistivity of the skin decreased at three points after electrocautery of thoracic sympathetic chain during ETS. And one patient, whose resistivity was low preoperatively, showed no changes in Electro-resistivity of the skin at any site.
Conclusion: It has been reported that the electro-resistivity of the skin in upper extremities decreased after stellate ganglion block. But changes of electro-resistivity after ETS are unknown. This study showed that 2 of 3 patients who underwent ETS decreased the electro-resistivity of the skin in upper extremities and face.
We conclude that electro-resistivity of the skin has any relations with sympathetic nerve system, as Nakatani reported in Ryodoraku theory before.
Key word: palmar hyperhidrosis, endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy, electro-resistivity, Ryodoraku

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0169 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE A tongue Diagnosis Supporting System based on the Fuzzy Theory
ISSUE DATE November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME WATSUJI
NAME TADASHI
NATIONALITY Japan
ADDRESS Meiji University of Oriental Medicine, Hiyosi-cho, Funai-gun
E-MAIL t_watsuji@muom.meiji-u.ac.jp
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-49.
TITLE: A tongue Diagnosis Supporting System based on the Fuzzy Theory
AUTHOR(S): Tadashi WATSUJI*, Shoji SHINOHARA*, Toshikatsu KITADE*, Masakazu SAKITA**, and Seizaburo ARITA***.(ûú¡¡ òÁ*, ¡¡ê«á¹ì£*, ÝÁõóì¦ã­*, ü°ï£äºìé**, êó¡ß²ÕÍ***)
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Tongue diagnosis is considered to be useful for diagnosing syndromes such as coldness-heat and deficiency-excess. However, tongue diagnosis is complicated and obscure, and therefore, its clinical application requires clinical experience. On the other hand, in discriminating systems for sensory information, it has become possible to accurately obtain necessary output information from obscure input information using the fuzzy theory. Therefore, we produced a tongue diagnosis supporting system by applying the syndrome determination process on a discriminating system based on the fuzzy theory. In this study, the results of the tongue diagnosis of coldness-heat were compared with those of the diagnosis using this supporting system.
Methods: The subjects were 22 volunteer students (age, 21.0¡¾1.4 years) and 40 patients (62.6¡¾13.6 years). Acupuncture experienced in tongue diagnosis examined the color, moistness or dryness, and shape of the tongue and the color and thickness of fur, and diagnosed coldness-heat syndromes. In addition, findings in each examination item were assessed using a fuzzy scale, and the scale value was inputted into a supporting system, and coldness-heat was diagnosed. The results of the tongue diagnosis were compared with those of the diagnosis using the supporting system, and the accordance rate was calculated. The tongue diagnosis supporting system was so set as to allow the diagnosis of coldness-heat (coldness syndrome, heat syndrome, simultaneous occurrence of coldness and heat syndrome, and normal) based on the scale value for tongue findings.
Results: In the student group, coldness syndrome was observed in 10 students, simultaneous occurrence of coldness and heat syndromes in 7, heat syndrome in 3, and normal findings in 2. The rate of the accordance between the tongue diagnosis and the diagnosis, using the supporting system was 86%. In the patient group, coldness syndrome was observed in 20 patients, simultaneous occurrence of coldness and heat syndromes in 14, heat syndrome in 3, and normal findings in 3. The accordance rate between the two diagnoses was 72.5%.
Discussion: Simultaneous occurrence of coldness and heat syndromes was often misdiagnosed as normal. This is consistent with the difficulty in clinical diagnosis when there is a mixture of coldness findings and heat findings. To improve the accuracy of the supporting system, modifications are necessary so that this system can extract and reflect the ability of experienced examiners to diagnose simultaneous occurrence of coldness and heat syndromes.
Conclusion: To evaluate the diagnostic ability of our tongue diagnosis supporting system, the results of tongue diagnosis was compared with those of the diagnosis using this system. The diagnosis using the supporting system was consistent with the tongue diagnosis in 70%, showing results close to clinical diagnosis. With improvement in the setting of this system, a more accurate system may be established.
Keywords: tongue diagnosis, tongue diagnosis supporting system, the fuzzy theory.
*Dept. of Basic Oriental Medicine, **Dept. Surgery, Meiji University of Oriental Medicine.
***Dept. of Mathematics, Kansai Medical University. (μड¡Î¡ÓÞùÊ ÎçùÊÎçãø)
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ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0171 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Changes in peripheral temparature at the shoulder and back by low Frequency electric treatment
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Sawada
NAME: Johjun
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Department of Anesthesiology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigakumachi, Takatsuki - City
E-MAIL:
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-50.
TITLE: Changes in peripheral temparature at the shoulder and back by low Frequency electric treatment
AUTHOR(S): Department of Anesthesiology, Osaka Medical College: Johjun SAWASA, Hiroshi KUGE, Akira KAWACHI, Motoshige TANAKA, Kohei INAMORI, Hidemaro MORI
ABSTRACT: Meiji Univercity of Oriental Medicine: Toshikastu KITADE Pref. AICHI: Bai jin dong
purpose: We observed a change in peripheral temparature at the shoulder and back using low frequency electric treatment.
methods: Ten healthy subjects (male 6, female 4, mean age; 41.1) were devided into two groups; control group (CG) and treatment group (TG). In TG, we started stimulation at Chienching(GB-21) at the frequency of 3 Hz for 20 minutes using low frequency treatment device (made by NIHON DENSI KOGYO CO.LTD) and the intersily was turned up until the muscle started to twitch. After having rested quietly in bed with prone position for 20 minutes, we measured blood flow quantity, skin temperature and Core temperature in every 5 minutes at Chienching(GB-21) and back Hsinshu(BL-15) during stimulation. We used Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni's test as statistics method.
result: In TG, temperature at the shoulder increased and core temperature at the back increased.
conclusion: We got's change in peripheral temperature in TG at the shoulder than at the back this time.
As a result, it was thought that it was the effect of low frequency treatment and effect for stiff shoulder was thought about.
key word: Low frequency treatment device, peripheral temperature, stiffness shoulder

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0172 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Weather and rheumatoid arthritis:Is acupuncture effective to the fluctuation of symptoms due to the weather?
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Wakayama
NAME: Ikuro
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Kansai College of Oriental Medicine, 2-11-1 Wakaba, Kumatori
E-MAIL: wakayama@kansai.ac.jp
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-51.
TITLE: Weather and rheumatoid arthritis: Is acupuncture effective to the fluctuation of symptoms due to the weather?
AUTHOR(S): Ikuro Wakayama, Jun-ichi Akagawa, Eiji Satake; Kansai College of Oriental Medicine, Osaka, Japan
ABSTRACT:
Purpose: To determine whether acupuncture is effective to the fluctuation of joint symptoms due to the weather in patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA).
Methods: Two patients with RA who have been receiving repeated acupuncture therapy more than one year were studied. RA was diagnosed according to the American Rheumatism Association criteria. Each patient was instructed to answer to the question "How was your RA today?" and complete visual analogue scale(VAS) everyday for one year. Six daily weather parameters(the 24-h means of solar irradiation, mean temperature, mean vapor pressure, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure and wind speed) were obtained from the record of local meteorological observatory near the patient's residence. Thereafter, the relationships between RA VAS score and the values of weather parameters were statistically analyzed.
Results: VAS score was influenced by some of the weather parameters. In one patient, VAS score was significantly and negatively correlated with mean temperature, mean vapor pressure and relative humidity. In the other patient VAS score was significantly and negatively correlated with mean temperature and mean vapor pressure, positively correlated with atmospheric pressure and wind speed. In addition we found in both patients that just after the acupuncture therapy started, VAS score increased on the day temperature and the atmospheric pressure decreased. Likely, VAS score increased on the day relative humidity increased more than the day before. However, after four months' repeated treatment with acupuncture, such fluctuations of VAS score due to the weather have not been observed.
Conclusion: Our data indicate that repeated acupuncture therapy might relieve the fluctuation of the RA symptoms caused by the weather condition.
Key words: Acupuncture, Rheumatoid arthritis, Weather

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0174 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Therapeutic Effects of Magnetic Fields on Various Pain
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Kanai
NAME: Shigeyuki
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: 2-11-1 Wakaba kumatori-cho Sennan-gun
E-MAIL: gold@bea.hi-ho.ne.jp
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-52.
TITLE: Therapeutic Effects of Magnetic Fields on Various Pain
AUTHOR(S): Shigeyuki, Kanai1)2) Norimasa, Taniguchi1)3) Masazumi, Kawamoto2) Hiroshi Endo2) Hideaki Higashino2)
1) Department of Anatomy, Kansai college of Acupuncture Medicine
2) Department of Pharmacology Medicine Kinki University School of Medicine
3) Department of Science PIP-FUJIMOTO Co. Ltd
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: In order to examine the effectiveness of static magnetic fields (SMF) similar to acupuncture, we performed the pathophysiological study on various pains by assessing with the subjective and objective symptoms.
Methods: The examination on the patients (94 males and 155 females, age: 68.1 years old) was carried out under consideration of orthopedic diseases, e.g., neck, shoulder, low back. All the patients wore 8-40 pieces of active or dummy magnets including the meridian point for few days or weeks, after which magnets were removed.
Active magnets and dummy magnets were randomly assigned to the patients under a double blind test.
Active magnets were applied externally for the meridian point using the samarium-cobalt magnets(180mm Tesla, 45mm in diameter and 2.2mm in height, PIP TOKYO CO., LTD., TOKYO). Dummy magnets(less than 10mm Tesla) were also applied as placebo.
Results: Subjective and objective symptoms were observed to be improved significantly.
Moreover, we demonstrated that skin temperature in the painful portion were increased by exposure to the active magnets after application, according to the using thermography and deep body theromometer.
Conclusions and Discussion: These findings suggest that the pain relief effects of SMF might be primarily due to increase of the blood circulation in the meridian points. We suppose that these therapeutic mechanisms of SMF to the meridian points might be different from those of needling to the meridian points.
Key words: Static Magnetic Fields(SMF), Acupuncture, Thermography

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0176 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: The study of acupressure and qi using functional MRI
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: UEDA
NAME: YOSHIHIRO
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Kansai College of Oriental Medicine, 2-11-1 Wakaba kumatori-cho
E-MAIL: ueda-y1@mahoroba.ne.jp
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-53.
TITLE: The study of acupuncture and qi using functional MRI
AUTHOR(S): Yoshihiro UEDA, Kyoichi KUROIWA, Hideyuki ZENJYU, Tayo KATANO, Hitoshi KASHIBA, Toshio YANAGIDA, Yuri KITAMURA, Yoshitetsu OSHIRO, and Yasuhiro TOKIMOTO
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: As preliminary research, the activated state of the human brain on acupressure stimulation, qi and image were studied using functional magnetic resonance imaging (f-MRI). And also, this paper described the results, problems found there, and future developments.
Methods: The apparatus was the 1.5 T MRI (Genesis Sigma) GE-Medical system, and the measuring conditions were an echoing time of 50 ms, a repetition time of 2000 ms, a flip angle of 60¡Æ, A matrix-size of 128¡¿64 area, and a slice thickness of 10mm. The subject was a fifty-year-old healthy male and the following tasks were applied to him in order, and f-MRI was measured for each. Also for the acupuncture experiment, f-MRI of four volunteers(aged from 23 to 32 years old) was obtained.
Task; 1) Acupressure stimulation on the right hoku (fairly painful stimulation). 2) Image of the pain at No. 1. 3) Acupuncture stimulation on the left hoku (comfortable stimulation). 4) Repetition from No. 1 to No. 3 with fingers flexing and stretching. 5) Image to send Qi to the right hand palm with the left index finger. 6) Meditation. 7) Rotation of Qi in the "Siaozhoutian" method.
Results and Discussion: The acupressure stimulation with strong pain activated the bilateral secondary sensory area, parietal lobes, thalamus and insula, and also activated the visual area of some people. When these acupressure stimuli were recalled in the mind, the signal intensity at the secondary sensory area decreased, and the signal at the visual area and temporal lobes increased. The strong pinching stimulation (serve pain) on the skin at the hoku did not activate the brain as widely as the acupressure stimulation did. In an experiment to send Qi from the left index finger tip to the laokung(note: acupoint, PC8) of the right hand palm, the restricted parts of the right sensory area and the right basal ganglia were activated. "Meditation" and "Siaozhoutian" methods induced no activation.
It is considered that there are not only activated areas but also restrained areas as a change in the brain function caused by "Image", "Meditation", "Healing", and "Acupressure effect". As the f-MRI used in this experiment was designed to examine the activated areas of the brain function, it was impossible to describe the signal changes of the areas where there is a possibility of restrained brain function. Therefore, examination was not sufficient and the data are now being recalculated. The findings must be argued actively in relation to technical problems of f-MRI.
Keywords: acupressure stimulation, f-MRI, Qi, meditation, brain function, thalamus,

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0177 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Facillitation effects on anterior horn cell by acupuncture stimulation
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: KIMURA
NAME: KENICHI
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: 1-5-26 Wakaba, kumatori-cho, Sennan gun, Osaka fu
E-MAIL: kimura@kansai.ac.jp
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-54.
TITLE: Facillitation effects on anterior horn cell by acupuncture stimulation
AUTHOR(S): Kenichi Kimura (Wakayama Medical College, Japan)
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Motor effort, such as handgrip or voluntary muscle contraction causes facillitation of the anterior horn cell from the motor cortex. The onset latency of compound muscle action potentials (CMAP) evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS) of the motor area voluntary muscle contraction is shortened. This latency means conduction time including corticospinal tract and motor neuron. These times consist of central motor conduction time (CMCT) and peripheral motor conduction time (PMCT). We calculated CMCT and PMCT using CMAP and F-wave, M-wave to investigate the facillitation effect of acupuncture stimulation on the anterior horn cell.
Methods: Subjects were 10 healthy male volunteers. TMS was given 5 times to Cz in the motor area at a supramaximal stimulation intensity. The CMAP and F-wave recorded from the abductor digiti minimi muscle. The mean onset latency of CMAP before and after acupuncture stimulation were respectively estimated. The CMCT and PMCT were also calculated from the onset latency of CMAP F-wave, M-wave. These stimuli were given to acupoint-IL4 on the right hand for 10 minutes.
Results: Although the latency showed a tendency toward slight reduction, the onset latency of CMAP were not altered by the acupuncture stimuli. While the minimal latency of F-wave was reduced and the appearance frequency increased after acupuncture stimulations, the PMCT was decreased by the reduction in the minimal latency of the F-wave and CMCT was unchanged.
Discussion: Alteration of the F-wave indicates that acupuncture stimulation causes facillitation of anterior horn cells as occurs in motor effort. As previously described by other investigators, noxious stimuli excites interneuron synapsed anterior horn cell in nociceptive reflex. Since facillitation of acupuncture stimuli is based on the mechanism of general nociceptive reflex and the CMCT is unchanged by acupuncture-stimuli, it is presumed that the facillitation does not decend from the motor cortex, but rather occurs at the level of spinal cord like that nociceptive reflex.
Conclusion: We concluded that acupuncture stimulation caused a facillitation effect on anterior horn cells and this facillitation arose at the level of the spinal cord like the effects of nociceptive reflex.
Key words: facillitation, compound muscle action potential, central motor conduction time, peripheral motor conduction time, anterior horn cell, acupuncture stimulation

ACUPUNCACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0178 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Effects of acupuncture on sympathetic skin response evoked by cervical magnetic stimulation
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: KIMURA
NAME: KENICHI
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: 1-5-26 Wakaba, kumatori-cho, Sennan gun, Osaka fu
E-MAIL: kimura@kansai.ac.jp
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-55.
TITLE: Effects of acupuncture on sympathetic skin response evoked by cervical magnetic stimulation
AUTHOR(S): Kenichi Kimura (Wakayama Medical College, Japan)
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: The sympathetic skin response (SSR) reveals a change in skin potential after somatosensory stimulus or deep inspiration. The SSR is a noninvasive and useful analysis method for an evaluation of sudomotor activity in patients with autonomic failure. However, the SSR is mostly altered by habituation. This study examines SSR evoked by cervical magnetic stimulation (CMS) which is comparatively uneffected by habituation. Furthermore, the effects of acupuncture stimulation on SSR evoked by CMS were investigated.
Methods: Studies were performed on 10 healthy volunteers. After 30 minutes in a seated position, CMS was given 5 times at intervals of more than 20 seconds, at 3-hold the threshhold intensity before and after acupuncture stimulation. The center of the circular coil was placed on the space between the C7- and T1- spinous processes. The SSR was recorded from the palms, and the reference-electrode was placed on the nail. The mean ampitude before and after acupuncture stimulation was estimated. Then stimuli were given to IL4 on the right hand for 10 minutes.
Results: The SSR evoked by CMS showed the highest reproducibility and high-amplitude potential in all trials. Moreover, the amplitude of SSR was significantly decreased by acupuncture stimulation.
Discussion: Currently, the SSR evoked by CMS is considered an optimal method which is not affected by habituation. However, there is possibility that cervical magnetic stimulation directly irritates not only the sensory fiber but also the sympathetic ganglion or postganglionic fiber. In this study, the onset latencies of electric stimulus and magnetic stimulus did not siginficantly differ. In addition, the SSR amplitude reduction after acupuncture stimulation to IL4 suggests that acupuncture stimulation might inhibit the sudomotor system in the median nerve.
Conclusion: We concluded that SSR evoked by CMS is valuable method of eliciting SSR without habituation, and that acupuncture stimulation inhibited sudomoter system.
Key words: cervical magnetic stimulation, skin sympathetic response, habituation, sudomoter, acupuncture stimulation

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0180 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: CHEMOTACTIC EFFECT OF MOXA-COMPONENT ON CIRCULATING LYMPHOCYTES INTO MOXIBUSTION-STIMULATED RAT SKIN
ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: TLHYA
NAME: KAZUO
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Kansai College of Oriental Medicine, 2-11-1 Wakaba, kumatori-cho, Sennan gun, Osaka
E-MAIL: ktohya@kansai.ac.jp
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-56.
TITLE: CHEMOTACTIC EFFECT OF MOXA-COMPONENT ON CIRCULATING LYMPHOCYTES INTO MOXIBUSTION-STIMULATED RAT SKIN
AUTHOR(S): Kazuo Tohya, Shiori Rin-Urabe, Motoyo Ohnishi, Jun Igarashi, Yohji Fukazawa, Takako Matsuo, Yuichi Matsuoka, Shizuo Toda, Michio Kimura (Osaka, Japan)
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Moxibustion is one of the important therapeutic methods in Chinese traditional medicine using the burning of moxa fibers, and it has been thought to increase the protective activities of the body. Recent experimantal studies have shown that the direct moxibustion to acupoint can mediate the systemic immune functions, such as a humoral immunity and a cytotoxicity against tumor. Simultaneously, evidence has accumulated suggesting that the several chemical components of moxa fibers or its raw materials have interesting biological, and also pharmacological activities. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of the moxibustion to the immune system. Especially, the biological activities of the moxa-extract (MOEX) and its chemical component (3, 5-dicaffeoylquinic acid; DCQA) were investigated whether they act as a chemotactic factor to the lymphocytes of moxibustion-stimulated laboratory animals both in vivo and in vitro.
MATERIALS and METHODS: Male Wistar rats (aged 8 to 10 weeks, 250-300g) were used. A skin electro-permeable point on the anterior tibial muscle was selected as an acupoint(ST-36).
Moxibustion to the acupoint was performed with three cones (0.5mg moxa/cone) per point in a day on either side of the hind limbs. The stimulation was carried out for twenty days. To examine the in vivo kinetics of blood-circulating lymphocytes, the splenocytes labeled by fluorescent dye were injected into the tail vein after the final stimulation. Then, numbers of the labeled cells infiltrated in the moxa-stimulated skin were counted on the frozen sections. In vitro chemotactic assays for MOEX and DCQA were carried out by using a transwell chamber (5§­ of pore size), individually.
RESULTS and DISCUSSION: In the in vivo migration test, infiltration of the fluorescence-labeled cells was clearly observed in the dermal and epidermal region just beneath the moxibustion-stimulated acupoints. The numbers of labeled cells in the regions gradually increased when the injected cells derived from moxibustion-stimulated animals, rather than from non-stimulated ones. Moreover, in vitro assay clearly showed that both MOEX and DCQA acted as the chemotactic factors against the lymphocytes from the moxa-stimulated animals more effective than the cells from normal ones. Therefore, it is supposed that the skin-permeation of moxa-components after moxibustion directly effect to the attraction of the circulating lymphocytes into the skin acupoints. Based on the current immunological aspects, recirculation of lymphocytes throughout the body via bloodstream is primely important mechanism for regulation of the in vivo immune function. In this context, it is possible that the general circulation of the lymphocytes through the acupoint skin are the one of the transmitters to spread widely the local moxibustion-effects to the body, and that the lymphocytes activated by moxa-components may contribute to increase the protective effect of the systemic immune functions.
KEY WORDS: moxibustion; moxa-components; chemotaxis; lymphocytes; rat

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0183 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Study on Objectification of the Conecpt of the Organism as a Whole

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Kazu
NAME: Mori
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Renkoji 6-31-10, International Institute for Systematizing TCM Theories
E-MAIL:
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-57.
TITLE: Study on Objectification of the Concept of the Organism as a Whole
AUTHOR(S): Kazu Mori, Jing SHE
ABSTRACT:
Objective: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is characterized by the "concept of the organism as a whole(wholism)" and "diagnosis and treatment based on an overall analysis of signs and symptoms". Thus, I focused on the "adjustment of human beings to nature" model, the principle of the "Yellow Emperor's Internal Classic" among components consisting the concept of the organism as a whole, and examined its general validity form biometeorological and chronobiological standpoints.
Subjects and Methods: The index used to represent the Kidney Qi was 17-ketosteroid (17-KS). Urinary 17-ketosteroid excretion in healthy male adults was measured for three years to determine daytime, night and mean daily 17-KS excretions. The 17-KS excretions, meteorological elements (14 variables), urinary volume, and parameters of daily life time were used as input data, and factor analyses and harmonic analyses were performed using the large ACOS computer system.
Results: 1)Factor analysis revealed five latent factors: weather(exogenous), 17-KS (endogenous), urinary volume(endogenous), life time (non-endogenous/non-exogenous) and temperature(exogenous) factors as factors I to V, respectively.
2)When the annual cycle of 17-KS excretion was compared to the seasonal rhythm, a clear rhythm was observed with a peak in summer and a bottom in winter, indicating that the cycles of meteorological elements including discomfort index and temperature fluctuate by synchronizing with the cycle of 17-KS excretion.
Conclusion: An inter interdisciplinary approach including biometeorology, chronobiology, and metric medicine allowed demonstration that the "concept of the organism as a whole" in TCM is a medical model that has universal validity applicable to medicine in the 21ST Century.
This study also showed that pathology and health preservation Philosophy in the Cannon of Medicine has a scientific ground.
Key Words: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Concept of the organism as a whole (wholism) kidney Qi, Biometeorology, Multivariate analysis

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0184 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Neuroanatomical Study on Meridian and Meridian Point

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Hirao
NAME: Hatamoto
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Ho 1-21-7 Yoshikawa Saitama
E-MAIL:
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-58.
TITLE: Neuroanatomical Study on Meridian and Meridian Point
AUTHOR(S): H.Hatamoto, Y.Ohyama, X.Wang, H.Nakazawa, N.Taira, A.Murakami and K.Mori
ABSTRACT:
Object: It was to determine the location of all meridians and meridian points mentioned in the above book "Shi Si Jing Fa Huci" relative to the running route of peripheral nerves and to characterize the sites of pressure and heat sensation from the stand of neuroanatomy.
Methods: I exposed peripheral nerves in 213 cadavers to determine the running route of nerves and relative locations of all meridian and meridian points under the direction of Professor Kazumasa Hoshino at the Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto university. Moreover, nerves running at the upper anterior part of the crus were exposed, overlaid with 1-mm grid mesh to determine the area of nervous tissue in the 1-§² area (n=21). Then the density of nervous tissue was calculated to make comparison between meridian point region and non-meridian point region. The right popliteal nerve was also exposed and overlaid with grid mesh in the same way (n=30).
Result: It was revealed that the cutaneous nerve, or the mixture of muscular branch nerve and cutaneous nerve runs along each of 14 meridians. There was not single nerve corresponding to each meridian, but vertical nerves related to perception run, being arranged in the form of roofing tiles to compose a single sensory nerves route system. Meridian points were sites where nerves appear to the superficial subcutaneous area from deep region in the body and where the density of nervous tissue is great. The density of nervous tissue was larger at meridian point region of Zusanli (ST36), Yanglingquan(GB34), Weizhong(BL40), Weiyang(BL39), and Yingu than that at non-meridian point regions.
Discussion: The meridian points are considered to sites which could easily pressure and heat stimulation by needle and moxibustion, respectively, from the body surface. The meridian can be regarded as a complex sensory nervous route system. It is conceivable that sensory cells related to the vertical direction of the body are systematically arranged in the sensory area of the cerebral cortex. This arrangement can be depicted as a meridian/meridian points map.
Conclusion: The meridian can be regarded as a complex sensory nervous route system. While the meridian points mean sites where the density of nervous tissue is great, representing sites efficient for stimulation with pressure or heat form the body surface.

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0185 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Relationship between the tender point and meridian point in the lower limbs and the deep pain threshold at the tender point

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Hiroyuki
NAME: Nakazawa
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Ho 1-21-7 Yoshikawa Saitama
E-MAIL:
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-59.
TITLE: Relationship between the tender point and meridian point in the lower limbs and the deep pain threshold at the tender point.
AUTHOR(S): H.Nakazawa, H.Hatamoto, Y.Ohyama, X.Wang, N.Taira, A.Murakami and K.Mori
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: There have been some studies on the relationship between tender points and meridian points, but few of them referred to the pain threshold. Therefore, we evaluated the relationship between the tender point and meridian point in the lower limbs in normal subjects and patients with osteoarthritis of knee and measured the pain threshold at the tender point.
Subjects: Measurement was performed in normal subjects (non-exercise normal group), normal subjects who performed exercise (exercise normal group), and patients with osteoarthritis of knee (OA group).
Methods: The distribution of tender points in the lower limbs was evaluated using a palpometer in the 3 groups. As the pain threshold, the pain threshold at SP10 and surrounding 4 sites, and the deep pain threshold at SP10 were measured. The distance to each tissue at the measurement sites was measured using an ultrasonographic diagnostic imaging system.
Results and Discussion: Concerning the distribution of the tender points, 71.7% of detected tender points were consistent with the meridian points in the non-exercise normal group, 72.0% in the exercise normal group, and 70.0% in the OA group. The deep pain threshold in the non-exercise normal groups and the exercise normal group was decreased in the fascia as previously reported, but that in the OA group was decreased not only in the fascia but also in the muscle layer in the range of several mm from the fascia. This marked decreased in the pain threshold in the OA group appears to be due not only to sensitization of pain receptors by local inflammation as observed in the exercise normal group but also to modification in pain reception in the central nervous system.
Key Words: tender point, meridian point, deep pain threshold, fascia, osteoarthritis of knee

Key Words: A complex sensory nervous route system, Density of nervous tissue

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0187 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: The Therapeutic Effect of Microwave Resonance Therapy with Reference to the Biological Function of the Meridian System

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Ayuzawa
NAME: Satoshi
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Tsukuba Memorial Hospital. 1187-299, Kaname, Tsukuba
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-60.
TITLE: The Therapeutic Effect of Microwave Resonance Therapy with Reference to the Biological Function of the Meridian System
AUTHOR(S): S.Ayuzawa1), H Saito2), H Yano3), T Enomoto4) T Nose4)
1) Dept. of Neurosurg., Tsukuba Memorial Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan.
2) Dept. of Rehabilitation, Tsukuba Memorial Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan.
3) Int. Med., Kashiwa Hospital, Jikei University School of Medicine, China, Japan.
4) Dept. of Neurosurg., Inst. of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Microwave resonance Therapy (MRT)1) is a method administrating extremely low intensity microwave radiation (40-70GHz, ¡­10-20W/Hz§²) on the acupuncture point of the patient. The mechanism of this method is postulated both theoretically and practically1,2); There are "coherent" electromagnetic vibration modes in millimeter wavelength range in the organism3), which transfer the electromagnetic information among all living cells and tissues. They act as "Electromagnetic Frameworks" of the organism, one of which important is the meridian system. In healthy condition such vibration is in the stable "ground state", but it become "meta-stable state" in the patient with functional disorder, which can be redirected to the ground state with applying suitable frequency of microwave radiation as a therapy. Thus MRT restores or reorganizes the temporal order of the biological function through the meridians. In this clinical study we applied the MRT to the patients having motor weakness caused by some sorts of diseases and estimated the characteristic of its therapeutic effect.
Method: Five patients showing motor weakness(2 cases with weakness of upper extremity after whiplash injury, and 3 of hemiparesis with cerebrovascular diseases) were enrolled. MRT was performed using special device (ARIA-SC, UKRAINE) after detecting the therapeutic acupuncture points.
Results: In the 2 cases of whiplash injury, grasping power remarkably improved. In all cases with hemiparesis, abnormal associated reaction and spasticity on movement decreased, and finger's muscle activation became selective. Of the above 3 cases with hemiparesis 2 showed increment of grasping power.
Discussion: These improvements can be considered as a result of normalization of the co-operativity of neuro-muscular system. We assume that these effects were achieved by restoring the temporal order of the biological function through meridian system, which the coherent electromagnetic interaction on millimeter wavelength range took part in. Father investigation are required as to whether only millimeter waves is effective or any other wavelength is also effective.
Conclusion: Meridian system participates in the biological function through electromagnetic field, and it can be interacted electromagnetically as a therapy. MRT is an effective method for treatment of functional disorder.
Key Words: Microwave resonance therapy, meridian, biological function, electromagnetic field.
References: 1) Sit'ko SP, Mkrtchian LN: Introduction to Quantum Medicine. Patter, Kiev, 1994. 2) Sit'ko SP, Gizhko VV: J Biol Phys 18:1-10, 1991. 3) Frohlich H:Int J Quantum Chem 2:641-649, 1968.

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0188 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: The Effects of Silver Spike Point Therapy on Workers Exposed to Hand-Arm Vibration

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Sakaguchi
NAME: Shunji
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Kansai College of Oriental Medicine, 2-11-1 Wakaba, Kumatori, Sennan-gun
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-61.
TITLE: THE EFFECTS OF SILVER SPIKE POINT THERAPY ON WORKERS EXPOSED TO HAND-ARM VIBRATION
AUTHOR(S): Shunji Sakaguchi1), Nobuyuki Miyai2), Hiroichi Yamamoto2), Ikuharu Morioka2), Kazuhisa Miyashita2)
1)Department of Clinical Acupuncture, Kansai College of Oriental Medicine(JAPAN)
2)Department of Hygiene, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University (JAPAN)
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of silver spike point (SSP) therapy on peripheral circulatory function of workers who are ocupationally exposed to hand-arm vibration.
Methods: The subjects were 77 male public service workers and forestry workers aged 23 to years (54.0¡¾12.8 years old). They usually operated vibrating tools mainly chainsaw or bushcleaner. The SSP therapy was performed by using Felicia TRIMIX(NIHON MEDIX). The SSP electrodes were attached to LI4 and LI10 of the one side, and the stimulation was kept at 1 Hz for 10 minutes. The second derivative photoplethsmogram (SDPTG) was recorded before and after the SSP therapy by fingertip photoplethsmogram equipped with double differentiation circuits. The ratios of height (-b/a, c/a, d/a) and SDPTG-index (-b+c+d/a) were calculated from each component wave to evaluate the waveform characteristics quantitatively. The cold oversensitivity symptom (COS) of subjects was investigated by a questionnaire. They are requested to estimate the severity of the symptom by visual analogue scale (VAS) before and after the SSP therapy.
Results: The SDPTG parameters of subjects were evaluated by comparing with each normal aging curve. The propotion of subjects whose baseline -b/a was distributed below 50th percentile curve were greater than expected (62.3%). The d/a and SDPTG-index also had a tendency to be skewed to lower values. The 77 subjects were divided into two groups; 22 subjects with COS and 55 subjects without COS. There were no significant differences in baseline SDPTG parameters between the two groups. The subjects were divided into the two groups; 34 subjects whose SDPTG-index distributed above the 50th percentile curve were treated as high level group and the other 43 subjects were treated as low level group. The SDPTG-index in the low level group significantly increased (p<0.05) after the SSP therapy. The significant negative correlation was found between the baseline SDPTG-index and its increase after the SSP therapy (p<0.01, r=-0.32). The improvement of COS was found in 28 subjects (36.4%) after the SSP therapy. The baseline SDPTG parameters were compared between the subjects with improvement of COS and those without improvement of COS. However, there were no significant differences in the SDPTG parameters between the two groups.
Discussion: The reason why the SDPTG-index was increased and the peripheral circulatory function was improved after the SSP therapy can be attributed to a controlled hyperactivity of the sympathetic nerve by the SSP therapy.
Conclusion: The SSP therapy is effective in the improvement of peripheral circulatory function of workers exposed to hand-arm vibration.
Key Words: hand-arm vibration, SSP therapy, second derivative of photoplethysmogram (SDPTG).

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0189 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Marked Effects of the Zi Yun Technique of Hyakuro Extra Meridian Point Stimulation for Treating Frozen Shoulders

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Liu
NAME: Jia Xinag
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: 2-3-13 Sonezaki Shinchi, Kita-ku, Osaka
E-MAIL:
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-62.
TITLE: Marked Effects of the Zi Yun Technique of Hyakuro Extra Meridian Point Stimulation for Treating Frozen Shoulders
AUTHOR(S): Liu Jia Xiang
ABSTRACT:
Objective: My grandfather, Zi Yun, operated the Zi Yun Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinic in Beijing. His practices, using venesection, heated needles, and cupping glasses, were famous. Kyu Chan Shun, a Taoist during the Chinese Yuan Dynasty living in Hakuunkan, Beijing, succeeded in completely healing Chingiz Khan's frozen shoulder in a single acupuncture therapy session (through stimulation of the Hyakuro extra meridian point). Zi Yun adopted the use of this procedure and incorporated it into traditional therapy.
Methods: A point 1 Sun (=1.193 inches) lateral to the space between the fourth and fifth cervical vertebrae is stimulated at a depth of 1.5 Sun.
Results: When the Hyakuro point is stimulated, the patient feels electrical sensations in both hands. Soon after the needle is withdrawn, shoulder mobility returns to normal.
Discussion: Mr. Kim, the chairman of the Korean Commercial and Industrial Association in Japan, had sought treatment for his frozen shoulder at many medical facilities, but his disorder had persisted. He received treatment at our clinic, and his disorder disappeared after a single session of therapy. More than one hundred patients receive Hyakuro stimulation therapy at our clinic each year.
Conclusion: Hyakuro stimulation therapy completely cures a frozen shoulder through direct stimulation of the cervicobrachial plexus.

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0190 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Electrical and Thermal Sensations Induced by Stimulation with Qui Needles

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Liu
NAME: Jia Xinag
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: 2-3-13 Sonezaki Shinchi, Kita-ku, Osaka
E-MAIL:
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-63.
TITLE: Electrical and Thermal Sensations Induced by Stimulation with Qui Needles
AUTHOR(S): Liu Jia Xiang
ABSTRACT:
Objective: Taoism derives from the medicine and philosophy of Lao-tzu. Among many Taoists, Kyu Chan Shun (who lived in Hakuunkan, Beijing during the Yuan Dynasty), and Ba Dan Yo are famous for their abilities to treat intractable diseases. Taoists learned Internal Qui Gong. Qui is transmitted through needles to the patient, causing thermal and electrical sensations. These sensations improve circulation, stabilize the function of the nerves and potentiate the immune function. Zi Yun, my grandfather, learned Internal Qui Gong and was famous in Beijing for his practices of healing diseases by transmitting Qui through needles. My clinic adopted his technique. Over the past 30 years, more than one million patients have been treated at our clinic.
Methods: Treatment with this technique is applied to one hundred patients a day. More than 5,000 needles are used every day.
Results: A thermal sensation, resembling that produced by far-infrared rays, is produced between the index finger and the thumb holding the needle.
Discussion: Patients who receive this therapy say that stimulation with Qui Needles is more effective than stimulation of the same meridian points using other methods.
Conclusion: Clinics using this technique establish greater trust of patients, because of its marked effectiveness.

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0192 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Effects of Auricular Acupuncture Stimulation on Dietary Obese Rats

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Kojima
NAME: Takaaki
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: c/o HanadaGakuen, 20-1, Sakuragaoka-machi
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-64.
TITLE: Effects of Auricular Acupuncture Stimulation on Dietary Obese Rats.
AUTHOR(S): T.KOJIMA1,2), T.SHIRAISHI2,3), H.OGAWA1,2) and K.SAKURAI1,2).
1)Nippon College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Physiotherapy, Shibuya, Tokyo 150-0031
2)The Research Institute Oriental Medicine. Shibuya, Tokyo 150-0031
3)Department of Neurophysiology, Tokai University School of Medicine. Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193 Jpn.
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Auricular acupuncture treatment occasionally produces dramatic body-weight reduction in obese patients. Although its physiologic and anorexigenic mechanisms have yet to be completely explained. To clarify, we investigated the effects of auricular acupuncture stimulation on the high-fat, high-carbohydrate diet induced dietary obese rats as a simple obesity model.
Methods: Auricular acupuncture stimulating was carried out in 3 weeks to the ipsilateral vagal innervated region of the auricle. This is equivalent to the cavum conchae in human, and was identified by resistance less than 10-50 §Ú/§². The obese animals were divided following three groups; 1) Auricular intracutaneous needle group(n=8), they were inserted a small stainless steel ear acupuncture (0.12 x 2.0mm). 2)Electrical stimulating group (n=10), parameter was a duration 0.1 ms, 5-40 v, 50 Hz, 15 min twice a week, 3 weeks, and 3) Control (obese) group (n=8), they had same electrical stimulation parameter but the non vagal innervated and high resistance region with more than 100§Ú/§².
Results: Three weeks after auricularacupuncture stimulation, electrical stimulation group and intracutaneous group were significantly (p<0.01) reduced body weigh and food intake. Plasma glucose, imumnoreactive insulin, total cholesterol and leptin were decreased, and a high density lipoprotein cholesterol and rectal temperature were increased compare to the pre-stimulation levels.
Conclusion: The results suggest that body weight reduction effects of auricular acupuncture stimulation in dietary obese rats may have been due to an enhancement of the lipid metabolism.
Key Words: auricular acupuncture stimulation, simple obesity model rats, body weight reduction, leptin, lipid metabolism

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0194 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Treatment of Paralysis with Threshold Lowering Stimuri

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Tokujiro Murata
NAME:
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: 1446-1 Iwai, Moroyama-cho Iruma-gun
E-MAIL:
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-65.
TITLE: Treatment of Paralysis with Threshold Lowering Stimuri
AUTHOR(S): Tokujiro Murata
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Treatment of oculomotor paresis by stimulation of dermal acu points with a single needle.
Methods: Activation of Qi flow by penetrating a single needle parallel to the skin.
Results: Alleviation and disappearance of blepharoptosis and diplopia after 4 treatments(given over a period of 10 days).
Discussion: Manual stimulation techniques of the skin's five sensory modalities allow to raise or lower the threshold of perception and sensation in a spectral fashion. Thus, by lowering the relevant threshold, the loss of muscle tonus caused by an attenuation of neural impulses sensitivity could be increased and contractile reactions elicited.
Conclusion: Paralysis may be caused by trauma, surgery or injections. I intend to further substantiate my clinical experience with this technique.
Key Words: attenuation of neural impulses, reduction of action potentials of the oculomotor nerve, flaccidity, external ocular muscle innervated by the oculomotor nerve, self-recognition mediated by the dermal receptors of the five sensory modalities.

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0196 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Remote Effect of Frequency Electricity Simulation to the Forearm. on the Sensory Threshold and the Spasm Threshold of the Mandible and the Shoulder Muscles

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Kurita
NAME: Masahiro
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: 3-5-3-501, Sendagi, Bunkyoku
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-66.
TITLE: Remote effect of low frequency electricity stimulation to the forearm on the sensory threshold and the spasm threshold of the mandible and the shoulder muscles
AUTHOR(S): Masahiro Kurita 1), Yoshihisa Koga 2)
1)The Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan.
2)Nihon Riko Medical Institute, Japan.
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: A quantitative evaluation was attempted to determine the influence of low frequency electricity stimulation to a certain body part (="stimulation point") on nerve and muscle (="monitor point") in a remote area. The stimulation point was provided on the forearm (P), and the monitor points were provided on the mandible (M1) and on the shoulder (M2). We examined the change that occurred in the sensory threshold and the spasm threshold (value examined by low frequency electricity stimulation of 30Hz) of the mandible and shoulder muscles while electrically stimulating the forearm.
Methods: Three kinds of low frequency currents (10, 30, and 50Hz) were applied to the forearm using four kinds of current strength (0%, 80%, 100%, and 120% of the spasm threshold).
Results: The low frequency electricity stimulation of the right forearm influenced both the mandible and shoulder. Influence was seen in both the sensory threshold and the spasm threshold. The influence on the two kinds of thresholds was different. As for the influence on the shoulder, same side stimulation was clearer than opposite side stimulation. As for the influence on the mandible, opposite side stimulation was clearer than the same side stimulation. As for the influence by the difference of the frequency of stimulation, the shoulders were clearer than the mandibles.
Conclusions: It was confirmed quantitatively and statistically that the remote effect on the sensory threshold and the spasm threshold differed in two places, and that the remote effect had frequency dependency, stimulation amount dependency, and stimulation part dependency. The findings obtained here provide a hint of treatment by low frequency electricity stimulation. In addition, the findings obtained here are useful in examining the validity of the classical meridian theory. It was thought to be preferable to measure both the sensory threshold and the spasm threshold to evaluate the remote effect of electric stimulation.
Key Word: sensory threshold, spasm threshold, low frequency electricity stimulation, remote effect

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0197 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: The EBM Movement in acupuncture in Japan

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Tsutani
NAME: Kiichiro
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS:
E-MAIL:
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-67.
TITLE: The EBM movement in acupuncture in Japan
AUTHOR(S): Kiichiro Tsutani
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: The worldwide movement of evidence-based medicine (EBM) came to Japan in the mid 1990s, and in the late 1990s, found its way into the acupuncture field. In modern medicine however, it was observed that EBM had not been readily accepted, i.e. there were certain gaps between the current EBM movement and previous research methodology training in clinical medicinnd QC/QM methods in industrial engineering. So how about in the acupuncture field? A historical analysis is needed.
Methods: Descriptive study. Historical analysis
Results: The randomization method invented by Ronabl A. Fisher (1890-1962) was introduced in Japan in the 1930s. "á´â¦çӪΠ﫪áÛ°ªÈãùúÐͪüñªÎí¡ªÆÛ°_ (Method of summarizing of small samples and experimental design, 1943) by Motosaburo Masuyama (1912- ) and "÷ÖͪùʪÎìããÛ_ (Recognition in the statistics, 1949) by Toshio Kitagawa (1909-) were monumental books in statistics in Japan. Both authors were mathematicians. Kosei Takahashi (1918-), a physician disciple of Masuyama, provided training in research methodology, including the randomized controlled trial (RCT0 in acupuncture. Haruto Kinoshita (1915-1997), an acupuncturist who learned randomization from Takahashi used it in reducing the order effect in an acupuncture study and reported it in 1962, and the first parallel randomized controlled trial in the world was reported at the 2nd World Congress of Acupuncture in 1969 in Paris. Several RCTs were conducted in the 1960s and 1970s but have since stagnated, mainly because of the emotional antagonism against modern methodology, the lack of incentives for investigators, and the poor research environment. A few people in the Japan Society of Acupuncture and Moxibustion(JSAM) had tried to advocate the necessity of RCT but were not quite successful. The meeting of the WHO Working Group on Research Methodology in Acupuncture in Aomori, Japan, in 1994 was an epoch-making event for the Japanese, as it stimulated young acupuncture researchers. Since then the number of RCTs in acupuncture have increased. When the EBM movement found its way in the acupuncture field in the late 1990s, the way had already been paved for its acceptance in the field.
Conclusion: EBM in the acupuncture field predates its application in modern medicine in Japan.
Key words: evidence-based medicine, history of RCT, research incentive and environment.

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0199 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: The Effect of Acupuncture Treatment on Psychiatric Patients with Spasmodic Torticollis

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Tani
NAME: Makiko
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Kansai College of Oriental Medicine, 2-11-1 Wakaba, Kumatori, Sennan-gun
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-68.
TITLE: The effect of acupuncture treatment on psychiatric patients with spasmodic torticollis
AUTHOR(S): Makiko Tani, Rie Nabeta, Toshiaki Suzuki, Ikuro Wakayama and Yoshiro Yase
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Spasmodic torticollis shows symptoms of abnormal neck posture and involuntary movement. Spasmodic torticollis generally arises from neurological factors, but sometimes occurs in psychiatric patients as a side effect of major tranquilizers. In our previous study, we analyzed the effect of our acupuncture treatment for 25 non-psychiatric patients with spasmodic torticollis. The clinical and electromyographic (EMG) findings showed improvement in 18 patients (72.0%) (Suzuki et al. 2000). In this study, we analyzed the effect of acupuncture treatment on psychiatric patients with spasmodic torticollis.
Methods: Clinical and EMG findings were evaluated before and after 10 sessions of acupuncture treatment in 7 psychiatric patients (2 males and 5 females), mean age of 31.3 years with spasmodic torticollis. Patients with consisted of 2 with schizophrenia, 2 with neurosis, 2 with manic-depressive psychosis and I with depression. In 5 patients, spasmodic torticollis was a side effect of major tranquilizer. Clinical findings were analyzed by modified Tsui score, active and passive ROM (range of motion) of the neck, pain scale, ADL (activities of daily living) scale and subjective analogue scale. Surface EMG was recorded from the bilateral of sternocleidomastoid, trapezius and splenius muscles at rest and during neck movements; rotations, lateral bends, flexion, extension and shoulder elevation, in the sitting position. Affected muscles were identified by the results of clinical and EMG evaluation and treated by acupuncture. Treatment points were LI4 for sternocleidomastoid, TE5 for trapezius and SI3 or TE5 for splenius using the retaining needle method. Depth and duration of retaining needle were 5 mm and 5 min to improve hypertonus, and 5 mm and 10 min to improve hypotonus of the affected muscle. We treated involuntary neck movement by retaining needle to GV20 for 5 mm and 10 min.
Results: The clinical findings showed improvement in 4 patients (57.1%), but were worse or unchanged in 3 patients (42.9%). EMG finding was improvement in 5 patients (71.4%) and unchanged in 2 patients (28.6%).
Conclusion: The results of this study were similar to the results of our previous report for non-psychiatric patients with spasmodic torticollis (Suzuki et al. 2000). Acupuncture treatment was effective for psychiatric patients with spasmodic torticollis.
Key Words: Spasmodic torticollis, psychiatry, acupuncture

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0200 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Fluctuation of Skin Current Intensity at the Subject of Palmar Hyperhidrosis in Endoscopic Thoracic Sympathectomy

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Hirai
NAME: Kiyoko
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Department of aneshtesiology, Osaka Medical college
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-69.
TITLE: Fluctuation of Skin Current Intensity at the Subject of Palmar hyperhidrosis in Endoscopic Thoracic Sympathectomy (Second Report) -Comparison between the Pre- Operative Current Intensities at the Representative Measurement Points
AUTHOR(S): Department of Anesthesiology, Osaka Medical College: kiyoko Hirai, Hiroshi Kuge, Akira Kawachi, Motoshige Tanaka Kobe Toyo Medical School: Kazuhiro Morikawa Kansai College of Oriental Medecine: Wang Cai Yuan, Takashi Umeda, Satoru Kitamura, Takayuki Nakayoshi, Noboru Kibi
ABSTRACT:
Objective: The First Report shows, we measured, every 3 minutes and automatically & continuously, the fluctuation of skin current intensity at the 6 positions of both facial, palm and dorsum manus parts of the 20-year old man receiving Endoscopic. Thoracic Sympathectomy(EST), and then we suggested the relation of skin current intensity with functions of sympathetic nerves on the basis of the results obtained. This time, our second report shows the comparison between the pre- and post-operative current intensities measured at the representative measurement points of 5 cases of hyperhidrosis.
Method: The subjects are the above-mentioned 5 patients of hyperhidrosis in total, composed of 2 males and 3 females. In compliance with NAKATANI methodology, the measurement was conducted at 24 measuring positions on the 2nd and 1st days before operation as well as on the 1st, 6th, 13th, 36th and 44th days after operation, however, some patients could not receive every measurement due to their personal maters.
Result: One case showed that the current intensity was always lower at all positions without any change even on the days before operation as well as on the 1st and 6th days after operation. The other 4 cases indicated that the current was more before operation and that it reduced at all their hands and feet after operation, particularly it went down remarkably at the formers. Subsequently, their hands was little variable even with passage of time, and some patients feet rose in temperature, but that did not return to the level before operation, according to our observation of the present measuring process.
Observation: Concerning the effects produced by the general anesthesia for operation, it allows us to presume their existence from the fact that the current intensity reduced suddenly on the whole. However, on the ground that the whole current intensity remains to be reduced during many days after operation, besides that the lowered current continues at their hands for a long time, and furthermore that their feet have a somewhat rising tendency in temperature, we think the results of measurement reflect the fact that the hands have been affected particularly much more by ETS.
Conclusion: We compared the preoperative current with the postoperative one, each measured at the RYODORAKU representative measurement points of 5 cases of hyperhidrosis. One case showed that the current was always lower at in the whole without any change before/after operation. The other 4 cases indicated that the preoperative current was more at all their hands and feet in comparison with the postoperative one, subsequently their hands was little variable, but some patients feet rose in temperature.
Key Words: Palmar Hyperhidrosis, Skin Current Intensity, Endoscopic Thoracic Sympathectomy, NEROMETER, RYODORAKU representative measurement points.
Fluctuation of Skin Current Intensity at the Subject of Palmar hyperhidrosis in Endoscopic Thoracic Sympathectomy (Second Report) - Comparison between the Pre- and Post-Operative Current Intensities at the Representative Measurement Points
Department of Anesthesiology, Osaka Medical College: Kiyoko Hirai, Hiroshi Kuge, Akira Kawachi, Motoshige Tanaka Kobe Toyo Medical School: Kazuhiro Morikawa Kansai College of Oriental Medecine: Wang Cai Yuan, Takashi Umeda, Satoru Kitamura, Takayuki Nakayoshi, Noboru Kibi

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0202 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Clinical Effects of Low Frequency Electric Treatment in the Patients with Shoulder Stiffness

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Kuge
NAME: Hiroshi
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Department of Anesthesiology, Osaka Medical College
E-MAIL:
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-70.
TITLE: Clinical effects of low frequency electric treatment in the patients with shoulder stiffness - comparison between searched acupoint group and unsearched one -
AUTHOR(S): Department of Anesthesiology, Osaka Medical College: Hiroshi KUGE, Johjun SAWADA, Akira KAWACHI, Motoshige TANAKA, Kohei INAMORI, Hidemaro MORI Meiji Univercity of Oriental Medicine: Toshikatsu KITADE Pref. AICHI:Bai jin dong
ABSTRACT:
Aim of investigation: We examined the clinical effects of low frequency electrical treatment in the patients with shoulder stiffness at the different two acupoints; one was searched by the device (SAG) and the other was unsearched (UAG). We evaluated the comfort index and pain index using VAS
Methods: Sixty patients with shoulder stiffness were divided into two groups; SAG (30 patients) and UAG (30 patients). Chienching(GB-21) was selected as the point for stimulation. In SAG, acupoint GB-21 was searched by electro-resistivity of the skin. In UAG, acupoint GB-21 was simply searched by traditional method. In both group, acupoint GB-21 was stimulated at the frequency of 3Hz for 20 minutes using the low frequency electrical stimulater device (HS-10) mode by NIHON DENSHI KOGYO CO., LTD. Comfont index pain index were measured using algesiometer.
Results: Before and after the treatment, comfort index and pain index were measured and compared using algesiometer and VAS.
Conclusion: However, no significant results of x2 test and correlation is shown between SAG and UAG, better effects can be expected by utilizing electro-resistivity of the skin. But further investigarion seems to be necessary.
Key words: Low frequency electrical treatment device, shoulder Stiffness, Electro-resistivity of the skin, Traditional body measurements

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0203 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: The Analgesia Effects of Infrared Beam Stimuli with and without Linear Polarizing filter

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Ten Jen
NAME: Liao
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Hiyoshi-cho, Funaigun, Kyoto, Meiji University of Oriental Medicine
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-71.
TITLE: The analgesia effects of infrared beam stimuli with and without linear polarizing filter
AUTHOR(S): Liao T.J., *Urata S., and Nishikawa H., Departments of Physiology and Clinical Acupuncture Medicine
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: It is known that infrared rays can be used to treat some disorders in the physical therapy field. Infrared rays are focused by a special lens, and produce more powerful energy than soft laser for pain therapy. We studied the analgesia effect of an infrared beam with and without a linear polarizing filter to treat volunteers with lumbago in this study.
Methods: Experiments were performed on 15 volunteers with lumbago (aged 18¤ý48 years), and all gave informed consent. Subjects lay prone on a bed for treatment by an infrared beam stimulus with or without a linear polarizing filter that projected from the Alpha beam instrument(Minato Medical Co.). A double blind method was performed in this experiment where both patients and operators were blinded. Skin temperatures of the stimulus area, ECG and skin sympathetic responses (SSR) were recorded simultaneously. Stimuli were performed on Shenshu (B23) and Dachangshu (B25) acupoints for 2 min on each side respectively. The intensity of stimulus was set at perceptual threshold. Analgesia effect was measured with a visual analogue scale (VAS) before stimulus, immediately after stimulus, 30 min, 24 hrs and 48 hrs after stimulus. Two factor repeated measures analysis of variance was used to test the significance between the two kinds of stimulus.
Results: Both beams with and without a linear polarizing filter stimulus produced a significant decrease (p<0.01) in VAS value immediately and 30 min after stimuli. These effects were maintained over 24 hrs at least, and then returned to the level of control. There was not a significant co-correlation of VAS between the two groups. Heart rates and SSR appearance times decreased after stimulus, but there was not a significant change in skin temperature.
Discussion: Increasing the pain threshold suggests that infrared beam stimulus may promote the afferent activities of heat or polymodal receptors, and inhibit the sympathetic nervous system activity to reduce heart rate and SSR.
Conclusion: Both infrared beam stimuli with and without a linear polarizing filter caused decreases in VAS values. This finding suggests that both kinds of infrared beam stimulus decreased the pain intensity of lumbago, even though they are not co-correlated. These effects may be caused by the activities of the peripheral and central nervous systems.

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0207 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Acupuncture using Sham Needle to Tender Points: Relidf of Chronic Dull Pain for Neck and Shoulder Stitfness

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Nabeta
NAME: Tomoyuki
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Meiji School of Oriental Medicine 7-53, nishiotabi-cho, suita
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-72.
TITLE: A randomized controlled trial of acupuncture using sham needle to tender points: relief of chronic dull pain for neck and shoulder stiffness.
AUTHOR(S): Nabeta T. Kawakita K
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: The efficacy of acupuncture to tender points on the neck and shoulder stiffness was compared with that of sham needling.
Methods: Thirty-four volunteers of acupuncture school complaining chronic dull pain accompanied with the neck and shoulder stiffness, who had no arm symptoms and gave informed consent, were randomly allocated to acupuncture (AG) or sham group (SG). Acupuncture or sham needling applied to the tender points once in a week for three weeks. In AG acupuncture needle was inserted to the muscle then swallow pecking for five times. Sham-needling was done without insertion of the needle in SG. Subjective dull pain before, one week, and one month after the trial was evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS). Pressure pain threshold on the tender points was measured before and after each treatment.
Results: Pressure pain thresholds tended to increase after acupuncture treatment but not after sham needling. VAS value decreased more by acupuncture than that of sham needling and the effect continued for several days.
Discussion: These data indicate that acupuncture inserted into the muscle of the tender points was effective for the relief of chronic dull pain with stiffness. Involvement of negative feedback mechanism of pain inhibition was suggested.
Conclusion: Acupuncture to the tender points is an effective treatment for neck and shoulder stiffness.
Keywords: randomized controlled trial (RCT), sham needling, acupuncture, neck and shoulder pain, stiffness

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0209 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: What is "QI"?

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Hanawa
NAME: Teiryo
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: 21-9, Maru-no-uchi-3, Kofu city, 400-0031
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-73.
TITLE: What is "Qi"?
AUTHOR(S): Teiryo Hanawa
ABSTRACT:
What is "Qi" ? (Second Report)
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanism of acupuncture, based on the "echo" transmitted to the hand when it inserts an acupuncture needle. The findings of this study are reported here.
Method: A comparative study of the mechanism of acupuncture was made centering on the tonification and the dispersion as the treatment decided based on the proof which was judged from the deficiency-excess patterns obtained through the traditional four methods of diagnosis in acupuncture, particularly through the pulse diagnosis. Based on the confirmation of the existence of meridian points through the echo transmitted from the handle of an acupuncture needle to the hand inserting it, the depth of the insertion of acupuncture needles was decided to be kept within the range of the cuticle.
Results: It was confirmed that the consistency in the changes in the human body could be observed through the pulse diagnosis, the deficiency-excess patterns obtained though the pulse diagnosis, the proof judged from these patterns, and the tonification/dispersion as the treatment decided based on the proof. Particularly, the tonification as the treatment for the deficiency was confirmed to be effective on a clinical basis. However, the effectiveness of the dispersion as the treatment for the excess could hardly be confirmed.
Discussion: It can be considered that the tonification-the treatment for the deficiency-according to the proof properly judged from the deficiency-excess patterns would lower the vascular permeability and let the blood flow purposively to the peripheral regions of the human body.
Conclusion: The mechanism of acupuncture can be interpreted based on the echo transmitted from the handle of an acupuncture needle to the hand inserting it. To discriminate the Qi that has something to do with this echo, from other types of Qi in general, the author would like to suggest calling it "X-energy".
Indexes: pulse diagnosis, tonification/dispersion as the treatment for deficiency/excess, Qi, X-energy

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0210 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Objective Assessment of Pain Sensibility by Ryodoraku(i.e., Meridian) Measurement: A Study of Pain Threshold and Ryodoraku Current( Electrical Resistance of Skin) Change after/ before Acupuncture Treatment

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Endo
NAME: Hiroshi
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: 2-11-1 Wakaba Kumatori-cho Sennan-gun
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-74.
TITLE: Objective Assessment of Pain Sensibility by Ryodoraku (i.e., Meridian) Measurement: A Study of Pain Threshold and Ryodoraku Current (Electrical Resistance of Skin) Change after / before Acupuncture Treatment
AUTHOR(S): Hiroshi Endo1/3), Hiroshi Kuge2), Akira Kawachi2), Masazumi Kawamoto1/3), Shigeyuki Kanai1/3), Hideaki Higashino3)
1) Kansai College of Oriental Medicine, 2) Department of Anesthesiology, in Osaka Medical College, 3) Department of Pharmacology, in Kinki University School of Medicine
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Studies of analgesic effect by acupuncture therapy are reported with many parts of the world. They have been explained the origin and state of pain threshold elevation by acupuncture stimulation with physiology and biochemistry. But it is not easy to assess analgesic effect with parameter of non-subjectivity factor in clinical field. Pain threshold and sensibility have not been explained in a viewpoint of oriental medicine. So we have examined objective assessment of pain with Ryodoraku measurement from the past. We examined pain threshold and the Ryodoraku current (RC) which specifically changed in acupuncture treatment this time.
Methods: Subject was one chronic lumbago patient (female of 74-year-old), was measured RC and each pain threshold: i.e., superficial pain (radiant heat) and burning pain (K+ dialysis) with her fore-arm, before treatment. Acupuncture treatment was begun after all measurement was completed. After treatment, as for subject, it was measured RC and each pain threshold again. The subject was performed this measurement and treatment on a time a week, amounted to 20 week (for approximately 5 months). Lumbago treatment was performed In-situ needle for 15 minutes in right and left 8 places such as Shenshu (BL23), Dachangshu (BL25), Yinmen (BL37), Weizhong (BL40). We analyzed principle component analysis (basis: elgenvalue more than I, accumulation contribution rate was more than 70%) in a variable RC using SPSS/PC+ (standard statistics SOFT). And we divided each pain threshold into by 2 from principle component score, and performed Welchƒs test (meaningful p<0.05 following).
Result: Principle component factor used for analysis was eigenvalue high comparatively. And eigenvector applied principle component factor of the first and the second which expressed relation of each pain threshold and RC. The RC which changes with decrease of pain threshold after/before treatment, with superficial pain, RC of H1(LU), H5(TE), H6(LI) rose, and F5(GB) fell. But with burning pain, RC of H1(LU), H4(SI), H5(TE), H6(LI) fell, and F3(KI) rose.
Discussion and Conclusion: In this study, at RC of H1(LU), H5(TE), H6(LI) rises, and F5(GB) falling was considered pain threshold of superficial pain had risen. On the other hand, at RC of H1(LU), H4(SI), H5(TE), H6(LI) falls, and F3(KI) rising was considered pain threshold of burning pain rose. Moreover, it was suggested that pain threshold of burning pain rose by acupuncture treatment. Accordingly, as for Ryodoraku measurement after acupuncture treatment, availability was suggested for objective assessment of clinical effects and the pain.
Key Words: Acupuncture, Algesthesia, Ryodoraku, Measurement, Statistics

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0212 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: The Measurement of Stimulation dose with Laser Needle and Treatment Effect

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 20
00
LAST NAME: Masaaki Jin
NAME:
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: 35-1 Kasumi-cho, Yagiyama Taikaku-ku, Sendai 982-8577
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-75.
TITLE: THE MEASUREMENT OF STIMULATION DOSE WITH LASER NEEDLE AND TREATMENT EFFECT
AUTHOR(S):
ABSTRACT:
We have measured stimulation dose on acupuncture point and treatment effect by using laser needle that has equal effect to acupuncture or moxibusing. In this study, we irradiate laser to acupuncture points to measure ultraweak biophoton emission detected from the live body. And treatment effect was objectively observed based on the result we have been able to visualize on the computer display. So we report that wer have been able to measure stimulation on acupuncture point by laser needle that has fixed stimulation dose and treatment effect objectively.
Introduction: Though we had measured many kinds of measurement of stimulation dose and treatment effect, this time we choose laser needle that has fixed stimulation dose and easy operation to irradiate on acupuncture point. Accordingly we measure ultraweak biophoton emission detected from the live body. We report we can get agreeable result on the measurement because we can measure detected ultraweak biophoton emission and evaluate the stimulation dose and treatment effect.
Methods: Testees are twenty male and female students (all students aged twenties); we measured for 100 seconds on each acupuncture point. The measurement point is Shangyang (LI-1) on the right hand where we set tool and measured ultraweak biophoton emission. Next we irradiate laser needle on acupuncture point called Quchi (LI-11) or Hegu (LI-4) that are located in right or left upper arm. Accordingly we measured the strength of ultraweak biophoton emission before and after irradiation, and compare the result of the effect.
Results: This time we choose no contact method from the skin instead of the prevtos stimulation method of acupuncture in which we removed the laser emitter 2.5mm from the skin to irradiate. We compared the strength of normally ultraweak biophoton emission with the case of laser irradiation. AS a result, the laser irradiated to acupuncture point, we could observe different characteristic of emission on each measure point.
Discussion: Laser needle is easy to operate and the power is fixed, so anyone can operate. Accordingly we could get higher characteristic emission than acupuncture or moixbusing. On acupuncture point Quchi (LI-11) or Hegu(LI-4), consequently we could observe the strength of living-body emitting photon had been increased by degrees according to measurement points moving from upper arm toward top finger.
Conclusion: We measured laser needle that has fixed stimulation, consequently we could measure infringed stimulation effect objectively which differs from usual acupuncture or moxbusing technique. Then we could get agreeable result. Besides we could find the fact that the stimulation effect has been continued by the result of measurement before and after the use of laser irradiation to acupuncture points. Consequently we could understand the relation between meridian and acupuncture points by stimulation on a chosen acupuncture point. Finally we can confirm that the stimulation effect has been continued.
Key Words: laser needle, biophoton, ultraweak biophoton emission, reatment effect

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0213 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Study on Objectification of Diagnosis by Feeling the Pulse

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Kuramoto
NAME: Itsuo
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: 162-1 Okuma, Kasuya-cho, Kasuya-gun, Fukuoka
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-76.
TITLE: Study on Objectification of Diagnosis by Feeling the Pulse
AUTHOR(S): Itsuo Kuramoto*, Yasutami Tsuda, Shigenori Shirouzu, Hisanobu Sugano (Life Science Inst, MOA Health Science Foundation, Fukuoka, Japan)
Masakazu Ikeda (Acupuncturist, Ehime, Japan)
Kazu Mori (International Institute for Systematizing TCM Theories, Tokyo, Japan)
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Diagnosis by feeling the pulse (Pulse Examination) is an important art in traditional acupuncture. It is a basis deciding which meridians and acupoints are to be used in treatment. The acupuncturists diagnose the degree of treatment required by using light, medium and pressure on the cun, guan and chi positions of the artery using the fore, middle and ring fingers of both hands. In this method the differences in pulse sensation in the artery are considered. The pulsation of brachial artery can easily be palpated on the surface of skin, and reflects the condition of circulation and sympathetic nervous activity. To objectify the diagnostic information obtained from the Pulse Examination of the acupuncturist's fingers, we developed the Apparatus for Pulse Measurement and it's Analysis System.
Methods: The pulse was examined in patient and healthy volunteers. The semi-conductor strain gage sensors were attached on the Pulse Examination points. These sensors were so thin that they did not disturb the palpation of pulse sensation. The pulse waves thus obtained were recoded and analyzed. The pattern of difference in pulse was determined and analyzed before and after treating.
Results:
(1) The pattern of difference in pulse was similar to the strength of pulse felt by the therapist.
(2) The analysis according to the traditional medical theory on the syndrome of the pulse determined by the acupuncturists through Pulse Examination and the pattern of difference in pulse based on the pulse wave revealed that the types of pulse determined by both measures agreed well.
(3) Treating caused changes in the pattern of difference in pulse: the overall pulse condition became normal and showed changes in accordance with traditional medical theory.
Conclusion: Theses results indicate that it is possible to measure and quantify the Pulse Examination, which can be applied to objectification of other Pulse Examination methods as well as to clinical studies or clinical teaching in the future.
Key words: traditional acupuncture, diagnosis by feeling the pulse, Pulse Examination, strain gage, the Apparatus for Pulse Measurement and it's Analysis System

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0214 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Study on Scientification of Hand Healing(Untouched Healing)

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Ueno
NAME: Masahiro
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: 4-8-10, Takanawa, Minato-ku, Tokyo
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-77.
TITLE: Study on Scientification of Hand Healing (Untouched Healing)
AUTHOR(S): Masahiro Ueno*, Itsuo Kuramoto, Hisanobu Sugano, Kazuo Nitta (MOA Health Science Foundation, Tokyo, Japan)
Kazu Mori (International Institute for Systematizing TCM Theories, Tokyo, Japan)
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Hand healing whose typical procedure include Qi-gong, medical are of Japan (Jorei), spiritual healing, energy work and therapeutic touch, has been widely used as one of measures in traditional medicine of complementary/alternative medicine (CAM) all over the world. We regarded these procedures as "untouched healing" which is place in the interface of the Oriental and Western medicine, and analyzed and evaluated the therapeutic ability of healing therapist, and specific and therapeutic effects of healing.
Methods: The subjects were 30 healers and 50 recipients of healing.
1) In order to study specific effects of hand healing, rectangular pulse current method (AMI) was used to measure AP value (mental tension level) and BP value (peripheral blood flow) under a suggested condition where the recipient could clearly recognize the "untouched healing" given as well as under a non-suggested condition where the recipient count not recognize it. AP and BP values were used indications for statistic analysis of the results before and after healing therapy.
2) In order to study healing ability of healers and therapeutic effects of hand healing, measurement of the mental function, that is, EEG topogram and physical functions including autonomic nervous tension level (micro vibration), peripheral blood flow, thermogram, and tissue tension, and tissue tension level(compressive elasticity) were performed, and comprehensively analyzed and evaluated.
Results:
1) It was found that untouched healing had specific effects different from placebo effects.
2) Skilled practitioner had such an ability to freely control autonomic nervous tension level and/or peripheral blood flow.
3) After receiving untouched healing the increase in ¥á 1 and ¥á 2 bands of EEG, normalization of autonomic nervous tension level, increase in dermal temperature, increase in peripheral blood flow, and decrease in tissue tension level were observed.
Conclusion: It is indicated that hand healing has such effects as to allow smooth peripheral circulatory flow, increase that local dermal temperature at the site of healing, adjust the autonomic nervous function, relief the excessive of body and mind, and appropriately activate the healer within.
Key Words: Hand healing; untouched healing; Medical Art of Japan (Jorei); Rectangular pulse current method (AMI); Practitioner

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0215 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Warm Moxibustion and Inner Energy Evaluation of Living Bodies Using Biophoton

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Yanagawa
NAME: Tsutomu
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: 6-14-23, Seijyo, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-0066
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-78.
TITLE: Warm Moxibustion and Inner Energy Evaluation of Living Bodies Using Biophoton
AUTHOR(S): Tsutomu Yanagawa, Hiroyuki Sakaguchi, Masahiro Ueno, and Kazuo Nitta
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: The purpose of this research is to establish a method that can enhance and evaluate natural power which means the capacity of recovering. Results of biophoton application from a view point of evaluation of sustaining faculty of living functions (life vitality) are described. The authors focus on fluids of living bodies.
Methods: Photon counting image observation system (ARGUS-50, Hamamatsu Photonics) which detectable wavelengths are from near UV to red in the visible range (280nm-650nm) is used. Themography (INFRA-EYE 1200: Fujitsu) is used to measure the human body temperatures. Plants are used to study differences in freshness and vitality. It was studied with a new cucumber and an old cucumber. Moreover, natural farming as organic farming and conventional farming are compared. The cucumbers were cut in round slices and their cut end cross sections were observed. To clarify the biophoton source, liquid part was separated from solid part by a centrifuge and the biophotons were observed. In the human body, abnormal areas, for example, wounds, sites of skin diseases, and other injuries affecting part of the skin surface were observed. The authors also studied effects of thermal stimulation with moxa and healing in Okada's manner.
Results: This report shows that liquid part sap radiates biophotons rather than the wound. The human body shows remarkable photon emissions from abnormal areas, as mentioned above. Moreover, the authors find for the first time that thermal stimulation with warm moxibustion leads the human body to radiate biophotons. After moxa, the photon numbers and the body temperature are observed as a time chart before, during after the healing. In contrast with the decreasing photon number, the temperature increases during the healing.
Discussion: The number of sap biophotons changes dependent on living state conditions. A difference in sustaining faculty of living functions may appear in life time of successive photon emission and the number of the sap photons. In the case of animals, their body fluids correspond to sap in plants. Photon emission, except for the affected part of internal bleeding, may have something to do with "points". Moxa point shows stronger photon emission than affected parts. It may be easier to observe the effect of the healing.
Conclusion: In not only plants but also the human body, the affected parts with body fluid exuding from the skin surface diseases and wounds show remarkable photon emission. Also internal bleeding radiates biophotons. Results show that biophoton emission source is liquid part. It is clear for the first time that moxa points show strong photon emission. Time chart of biophoton emission shows that an abnormal condition occurred with healing in Okada's manner. There is not only a simple energy change, but also some healing effect to the human body.
Keywords: biophoton, thermography, corona discharge photography, sap, body fluid, moxa, natural farming, healing in Okada's manner, image intensifier

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0217 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: The clinical and electromyography evaluations on the effect of acupuncture in patients with spasmodic torticollis

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Suzuki
NAME: Toshiaki
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Kansai College of Oriental Medicine, 2-11-1 Wakaba, Kumatori, Sennan
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-79.
TITLE: The clinical and electromyography evaluations on the effect of acupuncture in patients with spasmodic torticollis
AUTHOR(S): Toshiaki Suzuki, Makiko Tani, Rie Nabeta, Ikuro Wakayama and Yoshiro Yase
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Spasmodic torticollis (ST) is a dystonic disorder characterized by abnormal muscle activity and abnormal posturing of the head and neck. The our acupuncture method was decided with the clinical and electromyography (EMG) evaluations. To investigate the effect of acupuncture in patients with ST, we evaluated clinical and EMG findings before and after acupuncture treatment.
In 32 ST patients (17 males and 15 females) with a mean age of 40.8 years, the effect of our acupuncture treatment was evaluated. The mean disease duration was 44.8 months (range: 3-252 months). Acupuncture was respectively used for primary problem which is hypertonus or hypotonus or unsustained head movement and secondary problem which is muscle shortening or skin shortening of ST based on clinical and EMG evaluations. Clinical evaluation included Tsui modified scale, pain scale, range of motion (ROM) in the neck girdle, pain, ADL scale and subjective analogue scale. The EMG evaluation using Viking IV (NICOLET) was tested on EMG activity of the stemocleidomastoid muscle (SCM), the trapezius and the splenius (SPL) at rest and during neck movements in the sitting position. The retaining needle on the meridian points for primary problem and multiple epidermis penetrating needles on tender sports for secondary problem were applied weekly for acupuncture treatment. In the retaining needle, the point of the retaining needle was LI4 in the affected SCM, TE5 in trapezius and SI3 in SPL, ipsilateraly based on the meridian concept. The insertion depth of the retaining needle was 5 mm for 5 min for an affected muscle with hypertonus and with 10 min for hypotonic muscle. A retaining needle on GV20 at the top of head was used for unsustained head movement, with 5 mm depth and 10 min duration. In multiple epidermis penetrating needle, ten points in the tender area were treated by acupuncture. The clinical and EMG findings were before and after 10 sessions of acupuncture treatment.
Clinical examination showed improvement in 23 patients (71.9%) and no change or deterioration in 9 patients (28.1%) after 10 sessions of acupuncture treatment compared with that before treatment. EMG evaluation showed improvement in all patients following acupuncture treatment. The characteristics of ineffective patients by acupuncture was the following; 1) the longer duration of disease, 2) the neck posture demonstrated retrocollis, 3)the severe unsustained head movement, 4)the more 1 week interval of acupuncture and 5)the patient was treated by different method of acupuncture.
Theses findings suggest that acupuncture using the retaining needle for the primary problem and multiple epidermis penetrating needle for the secondary problem are more promoting for patients with spasmodic torticollis.

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0218 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: The effect of Acupuncture on Low Back Pain in Pregnant Women

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Katai
NAME: Shuichi
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: 4-12-7 Kasuga Tsukuba College of Technology
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-80.
TITLE: The effect of Acupuncture on Low Back Pain in Pregnant Women
AUTHOR(S): Shuichi KATAI, Isao NAKAMURA, Yuuko UETSUKI
Department of Acupuncture, Tsukuba College of Technology?
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: The most common compliant of patients who visit Acupuncture clinics in Japan is low back pain. But only a small percentage of pregnant women with low back pain comes to be treated by Acupuncture.
55.7% of all Japanese pregnant women have experienced some kind of low back pain. Further, about 20% of pregnant women have had strong pain and 30% have sought treatemtn for their low back pain.
In this paper we report the results of our study treating 18 pregnant women with low back pain.
Subjects and Methods: Subjects; 18 pregnant women with low back pain. Average age 29.6 years (ranging from 23-35), 6 of whom were primapara and 12 of whom were multiparous. Average number weeks of pregnancy was 23.3. There was an average weight gain of 6.6kg during pregnancy.
Average duration of treatments was 42.8 days, and the average number of treatments was 5.5 times.
Methods: Of the 18 patients, 9 were treated by acupuncture on the calf and low back, 4 were treated by moxa stick, and 4 were treated only with acupuncture on the calf. We used 0.16? 40mm needles with 2?3mm insertion depth on the calf, and 0.20?50mm needles were used on the low back with insertion of about 5mm.
Results and conclusion: Of the 18 patients, 7 reported excellent alleviation of symptoms, 6 reported good alleviation, 4 reported fare results, no one reported poor results and one person left the study. The rate of efficacy in pregnant women with low back pain was 72.2%. Because during and after treatment adverse events did not occur, and the rate of efficacy was relatively high, acupuncture should be recommended for pregnant women with low back pain.
Key words: low back pain in pregnancy, acupuncture, moxibustion

ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0220 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Effect of Acupuncture with Therapeutic Exercise and Silver Spike Point Therapy on Orthopedics Disorders

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Ochi
NAME: Hideki
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Meiji University of Oriental Medicine, Hiyoshi-cho, Funai-gun
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-81.
TITLE: Effects of Acupuncture with Therapeutic Exercise and Silver Spike Point Therapy on Orthopedics Disorders
AUTHOR(S): Hideki Ochi, Yasukazu Katsumi, Takaharu Ikeuchi, Kenji Katayama, Motohiro Inoue, Toshikatsu Kitade, Tatsuya Hojo, Tadasi Yano
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ABSTRACT:
Introduction: It is generally believed that therapeutic exercise is useful for orthopedics disorders. The purpose of this study is to clarify the importance of the therapeutic exercise in combination with acupuncture and silver spike point (SSP) therapy.
Methods: We treated patients with osteoarthritis of the knee joint (20 patients), the periarthritis scapulohumeralis (11 patients), and myofascial low back pain (64 patients) using therapeutic exercise in combination with acupuncture and SSP therapy. The patients were instructed in the therapeutic exercise of Quadriceps exercise, Codman exercise or Williams exercise. Acupuncture and SSP therapy were performed with the purpose of analgesic and the release of the muscle strain. The clinical effect of these treatments was evaluated by our original score method.
Results and Discussion: In each disease, symptoms were improved significantly, showing beneficial clinical effects. Acupuncture and SSP therapy were considered to relief pain during the therapeutic exercise and the therapy made the exercise easier. The therapeutic exercise in combination with acupuncture and SSP therapy were very useful in conservative treatment for orthopedics disorders.
We will show how to apply the method in detail on video.
Key Words: Acupuncture, therapeutic exercise, Osteoarthritis of the knee joint, periarthritis scapulohumeralis, myofascial low back pain
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ACUPUNCTURE THESIS
THE FIFTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON ACUPUNCTURE
KS-0221 LOCATION SEOUL

TITLE: Comparison of decrease in body weight by auricular electroacupuncture and decrease in body weight by exercise effects on body composition and blood contents

ISSUE DATE: November 12-15, 2000
LAST NAME: Ikeuchi
NAME: Takaharu
NATIONALITY: Japan
ADDRESS: Meiji University of Oriental Medicine, Hiyoshi-cho, Funai-gun
ABSTRACT: abbreviation
A-82.
TITLE: Comparison of decrease in body weight by auricular electroacupuncture and decrease in body weight by exercise effects on body composition and blood contents
AUTHOR(S): Takaharu IKEUCHI*, Hideki OCHI*, Tadashi YANO*, Hiroyasu NISHIKAWA**
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Obesity leads risk factors of arteriosclerosis, hypertension and diabetes mellitus which are measures of diseases from bad life customs. The therapy for them is diet and exercise but it is difficult to continue them. In such circumstances, auricular electroacupuncture is used for diet, to avoid increase of body weight. We examined the effect on body composition and blood contents of decreases of body weight by auricular electroacupuncture and by exercise.
Methods: Group of auricular electroacupuncture are consisted from 5 simple obesity volunteers. And Group of exercise is consisted from 8 healthy volunteers. Group of auricular electroacupuncture is treated with auricular electroacupuncture for 20 times. Group of exercise continued the walking for 20 minutes a day during 100 days.
We examined the change of height, body weight, adiposity, body mass index, body fat, TG, HDL- Cholesterol.
Result and Assessment: In both Group, the decrease in the mean value of body weight, adiposity, body mass index, body fat, TG, HDL- Cholesterol, T- Cholesterol are recognized. But in Group of exercise, 4 volunteers increased the value of HDL- Cholesterol, which has a function of the dissolve of TG and prevent of arteriosclerosis.
Keywords: decrease, in body weight, auricular electroacupuncture, exercise, body composition, blood contents
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